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To investigate sex\u2010based differences in the response to dexamethasone, we performed a\n                    <jats:italic>post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n                    analysis of a double\u2010blind, randomised multicentre trial of dexamethasone (10 mg, 4 times daily for 4 days)\n                    <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                    placebo in adults with bacterial meningitis. The primary outcome measure was the Glasgow outcome scale score at 8 weeks and interaction tests were used to examine subgroup differences. Between June 1993 and December 2001, 301 patients (56% male) were randomly assigned to a treatment group: 157 received dexamethasone and 144 placebo. Although dexamethasone reduced the risk of unfavourable outcome to a greater extent in women (relative risk [RR] 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21\u20130.86,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .02) than men (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.41\u20131.51,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .55), on interaction testing (ratio of RR women:men 0.53, 95% CI 0.20\u20131.39,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .19) patient sex was not a significant modifier of the effect of dexamethasone.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T07:09:25Z","timestamp":1573024165000},"page":"386-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sex\u2010based differences in the response to dexamethasone in bacterial meningitis: Analysis of the European dexamethasone in adulthood bacterial meningitis study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0115-4840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara P.","family":"Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa Central  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7775-7843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthijs C.","family":"Brouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4571-044X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diederik","family":"van de 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