{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T10:53:04Z","timestamp":1783075984675,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]],"date-time":"2020-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012245","name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019B030316001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019B030316001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Amisulpride, a first\u2010line schizophrenia treatment, has shown large interindividual variability in plasma\/serum levels, often outside the reference range (100\u2013320 ng\/mL). This study aims to clarify the impact of dose, sex, age and related factors for the interpatient variability in amisulpride plasma\/serum concentration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both English and Chinese databases were searched from their inception to May 16, 2019, using the terms: amisulpride and (plasma OR serum OR blood OR \u201cdrug monitoring\u201d OR concentration). Studies reporting concentrations and either a dose, associated factor, clinical outcome or side effect were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen studies with 1628 participants were eventually included. Eligible articles yielded data on drug concentration and dose, averaging 333.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 294.5\u2013373.3) ng\/mL and 636.2 (95% CI: 549.7\u2013722.6) mg\/d, respectively. The calculated mean concentration\u2010to\u2010dose (C\/D) ratio was 0.60 (95% CI: 0.52\u20130.67) (ng\/mL)\/mg. Subgroup analysis suggested that female patients on combined lithium\u2010amisulpride have higher concentration levels and C\/D ratios. Age was slight positive associated with C\/D ratio while not for plasma level. Smoker patients have high concentration level than nonsmoking patients but not for C\/D. Responsive and nonresponsive groups did not differ in concentration and C\/D.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pooled concentration levels of amisulpride were higher than recommended with wide individual variation, especially in older patients, female patients and patients taking amisulpride combined with lithium. The specific therapeutic reference range for amisulpride may require reconstruction, which should consider the influence of age, sex, kidney function, drug\u2013drug interactions, different dose regimens and sampling times in future study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T06:22:20Z","timestamp":1582525340000},"page":"668-678","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A systematic review and combined meta\u2010analysis of concentration of oral amisulpride"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University  Hangzhou 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