{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T20:14:07Z","timestamp":1772050447832,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"Aims<\/jats:title>Aldosterone has been found to influence cancer cell growth, cell cycle regulation and cell migration, including in prostate cancer cells. Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist used for managing chronic heart failure (HF) with known antiandrogenic effects. We examined the effect of spironolactone exposure amongst men with HF on the incidence of prostate cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This retrospective cohort study utilized provincial clinical and administrative databases from the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy. Incident cases of prostate cancer were identified from the provincial cancer registry, and spironolactone exposure was quantified from pharmacare databases. A multivariable proportional hazards model was used to assess the time\u2010dependent impact of spironolactone exposure on prostate cancer incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 18 562 men with newly diagnosed HF from 2007 to 2015 with a median age of 72 years (interquartile range: 61\u201381) and a median follow\u2010up from HF diagnosis to prostate cancer incidence of 2.7 years (interquartile range: 1.1\u20134.9) were included. A time\u2010dependent multivariable analysis of spironolactone exposure following HF diagnosis found a reduced the risk of prostate cancer hazard ratio 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.31\u20130.98, P<\/jats:italic> = .043).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Spironolactone exposure significantly reduced the incidence of prostate cancer amongst men with HF. These findings support the plausibility of aldosterone as a promoter of prostate cancer growth and development. Prospective clinical trials are warranted to further assess the role of spironolactone or other mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists<\/jats:italic> as a means to prevent prostate cancer development or as an adjunctive measure to prostate cancer treatments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T20:58:27Z","timestamp":1601326707000},"page":"1801-1813","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Impact of spironolactone exposure on prostate cancer incidence amongst men with heart failure: A Pharmacoepidemiological study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4701-7144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brett M.","family":"Hiebert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Sciences Program, Winnipeg Regional Heath Authority Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan W.","family":"Janzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohan M.","family":"Sanjanwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Sciences Program, Winnipeg Regional Heath Authority Winnipeg Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Max Rady College of Medicine University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aldrich D.","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9880-0484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ross D.","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Sciences Program, Winnipeg Regional Heath Authority Winnipeg Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Medicine, of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and of Physiology & Pathophysiology University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian O.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiation Oncology University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada"},{"name":"Research Institute of Oncology & Hematology University of Manitoba and CancerCare Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1322.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.16.1.0758"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01366.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-2215-5-35"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590903511521"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6475"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.15-275552"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(88)90295-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.1.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975\u20102016","author":"Howlader N","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90133-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"LixLM SmithM PitzM et al.Cancer data linkage in Manitoba: expanding the infrastructure for research. 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