{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:57:55Z","timestamp":1790117875997,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,19]],"date-time":"2020-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The aim of this study was to establish the pharmacokinetic profile of serum oestriol (E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) concentrations over 24 h following application of vaginal E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      in chronic users (&gt;12 weeks of E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      use). The interindividual and intraindividual differences before and after E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      were examined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten women participated. Vaginal cream was omitted for \u226536 h prior to the study days. Blood sampling was performed for E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      , oestradiol and oestrone concentrations prior to cream application and at 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 and 24 h afterwards. In five women, all samples were repeated on a separate day.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      was absorbed rapidly in most women. Peak serum E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentration occurred around 2 h (range 1\u20135 h). The decline in E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentrations was also rapid: falling &lt;100 pmol L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      in six out of ten women within 8 h and returning to \u2264 10 pmol L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      at 24 h in nine out of the ten patients. Interindividual variability for peak concentrations was considerable (mean 546 pmol L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ; 95% CI 349\u2013743). Area under the concentration\u2013time curve (AUC) values over a dosage interval also varied widely: mean 2145 pmol.h L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ; 95% CI 1422\u20133233. However, repeated measurements in the same woman were highly (peaks: \u03c1 = 0.94) or moderately (AUC:\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.74) correlated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Postmenopausal E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentrations are negligible. Serum E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      concentrations of chronic users of E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      cream varied greatly; however, concentrations declined rapidly within 8 h, generally reaching \u2018postmenopausal\u2019 levels by 24 h. The basis for the variation between subjects needs further elucidation. Additional research is required to establish the safety of topical E\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T19:20:10Z","timestamp":1604172010000},"page":"2354-2360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Serum concentrations of estriol vary widely after application of vaginal oestriol cream"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"N\u00e8vine","family":"te West","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urogynaecology, St George Hospital, School of Women's and Children's Health University of NSW Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney 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