{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:10:15Z","timestamp":1792026615225,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Polypharmacy is common in people with diabetes and is associated with the use of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM). This study aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of polypharmacy and PIM in older and middle\u2010aged people with diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A repeated cross\u2010sectional study using the University Groningen IADB.nl prescription database was conducted. All people aged 45\u00a0years and over who were treated for diabetes registered in the period 2012\u20132016 were included. Polypharmacy was assessed for three age groups. PIMs were assessed using Beers criteria for people \u226565\u00a0years old, and PRescribing Optimally in Middle\u2010aged People's Treatments (PROMPT) criteria for 45\u201364\u00a0years old. Chi\u2010square tests and regression analysis were applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of polypharmacy increased significantly in all age groups in the study period. In 2016, the prevalence of polypharmacy was 36.9% in patients aged 45\u201354\u00a0years, 50.3% in those aged 55\u201364\u00a0years, and 66.2% in those aged \u226565\u00a0years. The prevalence of older people with at least one PIM decreased by 3.1%, while in the middle\u2010aged group this prevalence increased by 0.9% from 2012 to 2016. The most common PIMs in both age groups were the use of long\u2010term high\u2010dose proton pump inhibitors, benzodiazepines and strong opioids without laxatives. Of those, only benzodiazepines showed a decreasing trend.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Polypharmacy increased in older and middle\u2010aged people with diabetes. While the prevalence of PIM decreased over time in older age, this trend was not observed in middle\u2010aged people with diabetes. Efforts are needed to decrease the use of PIMs in populations already burdened with many drugs, notably at middle age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T02:18:07Z","timestamp":1606961887000},"page":"2807-2817","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Trends in polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) in older and middle\u2010aged people treated for diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3116-787X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika Pury","family":"Oktora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofa Dewi","family":"Alfian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of PharmacoTherapy, \u2010Epidemiology and \u2010Economics University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Universitas Padjadjaran  Jatinangor Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Jens","family":"Bos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of PharmacoTherapy, \u2010Epidemiology and \u2010Economics University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catharina Carolina Maria","family":"Schuiling\u2010Veninga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of PharmacoTherapy, \u2010Epidemiology and \u2010Economics University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Taxis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of PharmacoTherapy, \u2010Epidemiology and \u2010Economics University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eelko","family":"Hak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of PharmacoTherapy, \u2010Epidemiology and \u2010Economics University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7929-4739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"Denig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-017-0621-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0214240"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0322-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008656"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12497"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12292"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/17.3.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020852"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-015-1954-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12894"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000488055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).National diabetes statistics report 2020. 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