{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T12:09:43Z","timestamp":1747397383097,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To review the medicines optimisation activities of the All Wales Medicines Strategy Group (AWMSG), a committee established in 2002 to advise the Welsh Government on \u201call matters related to prescribing\u201d. Although AWMSG conducts other activities (e.g., health technology appraisal for medicines), we focus here on its role in advising on medicines optimisation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prescribing indicators have been used in Wales to measure change, together with data on volumes and costs of medicines dispensed. A range of improvement strategies have been categorised under the \u201cfour Es\u201d, namely educational initiatives, economic incentives, \u201cengineering\u201d and \u201cenforcement\u201d.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>AWMSG has helped health professionals in NHS Wales to reduce harm and waste, and to reduce inappropriate local or regional duplication and variation. Specific initiatives include the achievement of major cost savings by supporting increased generic prescribing and an \u201cinvest to save\u201d approach related to prescribing of hypnotics and tranquillisers, non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and proton pump inhibitors. AWMSG also successfully commissioned the introduction of a single national in\u2010patient medication chart for Wales in 2004. Ongoing priorities include a focus on reducing prescribing of certain medicines deemed \u201clow value for prescribing\u201d and on optimising the use of biosimilar medicines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Since 2002, AWMSG has acted as a national medicines optimisation committee in Wales. From the outset, pharmacists and clinical pharmacologists have collaborated closely and shared their complementary expertise to make a much greater contribution to the safe, effective and cost\u2010effective use of medicines than either group could have achieved by working separately.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,13]],"date-time":"2021-03-13T17:00:36Z","timestamp":1615654836000},"page":"3961-3970","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The All Wales Medicines Strategy Group: 18\u2009years' experience of a national medicines optimisation committee"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Haines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"All Wales Therapeutics and Toxicology Centre  Wales United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Bracchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All Wales Therapeutics and Toxicology Centre  Wales United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All Wales Therapeutics and Toxicology Centre  Wales United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Samuels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All Wales Therapeutics and Toxicology Centre  Wales United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9770-6787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip A.","family":"Routledge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University School of Medicine  Wales United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"National Assembly for Wales.Report of the Task and Finish Group on Prescribing;2001.https:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/awmsg\/other-awmsg\/report-of-the-task-and-finish-group-on-prescribing-2001\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"All Wales Therapeutics and Toxicology Centre. About us.https:\/\/www.awttc.org. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group.Guidance for partnership working between NHS organisations primary care contractors the pharmaceutical industry and allied commercial sector in Wales;2016.https:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/guidelines-and-pils\/guidance-for-partnership-working-pdf\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-018-0632-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Welsh Government: StatsWales.2019.https:\/\/statswales.gov.wales\/Catalogue\/Population-and-Migration\/Population\/Estimates\/Local-Authority\/populationestimates-by-localauthority-year. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics.2019.https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/economy\/grossdomesticproductgdp\/bulletins\/regionaleconomicactivitybygrossdomesticproductuk\/1998to2018. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics.2013.https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/healthandsocialcare\/disability\/articles\/disabilityinenglandandwales\/2013-01-30. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2010.00717.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1242"},{"volume-title":"Pharmacy and Public Health","year":"2011","author":"Krska J","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"M Elseviers B Wettermark AB Almarsd\u00f3ttir M Andersen R Benko M Bennie 2016 Wiley\u2010Blackwell (Canada) Toronto Ontario"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"Office of Fair Trading.The pharmaceutical price regulation scheme. An OFT market study;2007.https:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/20140402181205\/http:\/www.oft.gov.uk\/shared_oft\/reports\/comp_policy\/oft885.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group.All Wales Medicines Strategy Group 2002\u20132008: Getting the best outcomes from medicines for Wales;2008.https:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/awmsg\/awmsg\u2010annual\u2010reports\/awmsg\u2010report\u20102002\u20102008\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group.Ten Year Report 2002\u20132012;2012.https:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/awmsg\/awmsg-annual-reports\/awmsg-ten-year-report-2002-2012\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Bevan Commission in partnership with 1000 Lives Plus.Accelerating best practice: minimising waste harm and variation. Available athttp:\/\/www.1000livesplus.wales.nhs.uk\/sitesplus\/documents\/1011\/Accelerating%20Best%20Practice%20March%202011%20%28English%291.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs.ACMD consideration of tramadol;2013.https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/144116\/advice\u2010tramadol.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group.NHS Wales Primary Care prescribing for tramadol data to September 2014;2015.https:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/prescribing-analysis\/nhs-wales-primary-care-prescribing-analysis-for-tramadol-data-to-september-2014-pdf\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group Annual Report 2019\u20132020. Annual Report 2019\u20132020. Available athttps:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/awmsg\/awmsg-annual-reports\/awmsg-annual-report-2019-2020\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","unstructured":"Welsh Government. WHC 2003\/73 (2003). Roles and structures of prescribing committees. Available athttp:\/\/www.wales.nhs.uk\/documents\/WHC%282003%2973.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group.All Wales Common Ailments Formulary;2015. Available athttps:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/guidelines-and-pils\/all-wales-common-ailments-formulary-pdf\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","unstructured":"Royal Pharmaceutical Society.Handbook for Homecare Services in Wales. Adapted from the RPS Handbook for Homecare Services in England;2014.https:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/medicines-appraisals-and-guidance\/medicines-optimisation\/prescribing-guidance\/handbook-for-homecare-services-in-wales\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Medication safety in high\u2010risk situations;2019.https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/325131. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2012.04283.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2011.03967.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.12376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group.Items identified as low value for prescribing in NHS Wales \u2013 Paper 3;2020. Available athttps:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/guidelines-and-pils\/items-identified-as-low-value-for-prescribing-in-nhs-wales-paper-3-pdf\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","unstructured":"Welsh Government.Investing to save 3: Short\u2010term investment for long\u2010term benefit;2012.http:\/\/business.senedd.cymru\/documents\/s10974\/Action%20Point%20\u2010%20Invest2save3%20English.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","unstructured":"All Wales Medicines Strategy Group.Medicines identified as low priority for funding in NHS Wales;2019.https:\/\/awmsg.nhs.wales\/files\/guidelines\u2010and\u2010pils\/medicines\u2010identified\u2010as\u2010low\u2010priority\u2010for\u2010funding\u2010in\u2010nhs\u2010wales\u2010november\u20102019\u2010update\u2010pdf\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0141076819839396"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","unstructured":"1000 Lives Improvement service.Making prudent healthcare happen;2014.http:\/\/www.wales.nhs.uk\/sitesplus\/documents\/866\/PHW%20Prudent%20Healthcare%20Booklet%20Final%20English.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30264-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14726"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","unstructured":"Public Health Wales Observatory.Life expectancy & mortality in Wales;2020. Available athttp:\/\/www.publichealthwalesobservatory.wales.nhs.uk\/life-expectancy-mortality-in-wales-2020. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","unstructured":"BateA ParkinE LoftP.NHS charges. Briefing paper number 07227 26 March2020.https:\/\/commonslibrary.parliament.uk\/research-briefings\/cbp-7227\/. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","unstructured":"Welsh Government.Statistical First Release. Prescriptions in Wales 2019\u201320;2020.https:\/\/gov.wales\/sites\/default\/files\/statistics-and-research\/2020-09\/prescriptions-wales-april-2019-march-2020-610.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","unstructured":"All Wales Therapeutics and Toxicology Centre. The New Treatment Fund: Medicines recommended by NICE and AWMSG: Health Board Formulary Status (From 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019)Available athttps:\/\/gov.wales\/new-treatment-fund-prescribing-list-annual-report-2019. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","unstructured":"Welsh Government.New Treatment Fund is improving and prolonging lives across Wales;2019. Available athttps:\/\/gov.wales\/new\u2010treatment\u2010fund\u2010improving\u2010and\u2010prolonging\u2010lives\u2010across\u2010wales\u20100#:~:text=Introduced%20in%20January%202017%2C%20the from%2090%20days%20to%2060. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","unstructured":"Welsh Government.Taking Wales forward 2016\u20132021;2016.https:\/\/gov.wales\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/2017-08\/taking-wales-forward.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","unstructured":"Welsh Government.Prosperity for all: the national strategy;2017.https:\/\/gov.wales\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/2017\u201010\/prosperity\u2010for\u2010all\u2010the\u2010national\u2010strategy.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","unstructured":"Parliamentary Review of Health and Social Care in Wales.A revolution from within: transforming health and care in Wales;2018.https:\/\/www.housinglin.org.uk\/_assets\/Resources\/Housing\/Regions\/Wales\/Parlimentary-Review-of-Health-and-Social-Care-in-Wales-Final-Report.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","unstructured":"Auditor General for Wales.Managing medicines in primary and secondary care;2016.https:\/\/senedd.assembly.wales\/documents\/s58564\/PAC5-04-17%20P8%20-%20AGW%20Report%20on%20Medicines%20management.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","unstructured":"NHS England and NHS Improvement.Regional Medicines Optimisation Committees: operating model;2020.https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/rmoc-operating-model-v2.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","unstructured":"British Pharmacological Society.A prescription for the NHS: NHS recognising the value of clinical pharmacology.https:\/\/www.bps.ac.uk\/getmedia\/230bae72\u20108faa\u20104793\u20108937\u201089a941404f29\/A\u2010prescription\u2010for\u2010the\u2010NHS.pdf.aspx?ext=.pdf. Accessed January 19 2021."}],"container-title":["British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcp.14817","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bcp.14817","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcp.14817","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T00:31:51Z","timestamp":1693355511000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bcp.14817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bcp.14817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcp.14817","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-5251","1365-2125"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0306-5251"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2125"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]]}}}