{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:45:05Z","timestamp":1787013905524,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>COVID\u201019 has spread globally, affecting almost 160 million individuals. Elderly and pre\u2010existing patients (such as diabetes, heart disease and asthma) seem more susceptible to severe illness with COVID\u201019. Roflumilast was licensed for usage in the European Union in July 2010 as a phosphodiesterase\u20104 (PDE4) inhibitor. Under preclinical studies, roflumilast has been shown to decrease bleomycin\u2010induced lung fibrosis, lung hydroxyproline and right heart thickening. The current study reviewed existing data that the PDE\u20104 inhibitor, a roflumilast, protects renal tissues and other major organ systems after COVID\u201019 infection by decreasing immune cell infiltration. These immune\u2010balancing effects of roflumilast were related to a decrease in oxidative and inflammatory burden, caspase\u20103 suppression and increased protein kinase A (PKA)\/cyclic A.M.P. (cAMP) levels in renal and other organ tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T06:30:12Z","timestamp":1648621812000},"page":"3562-3565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A European pharmacotherapeutic agent roflumilast exploring integrated preclinical and clinical evidence for SARS CoV\u20102 mediated inflammation to organ damage"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6132-5106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogendra","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy  Jaipur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neeraj Kumar","family":"Fuloria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy AIMST University  Bedong Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivkanya","family":"Fuloria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy AIMST University  Bedong Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vetriselvan","family":"Subramaniyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing MAHSA University  Jenjarom Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waleed Hassan","family":"Almalki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad A.","family":"Al\u2010abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Kazmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sobhit Singh","family":"Rajput","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aligarh College of Pharmacy  Aligarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirmal","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amrapali Institute of Pharmacy and Sciences  Haldwani India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Suresh Gyan Vihar University  Jaipur India"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University  Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14977"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/671087"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.103.20.2501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20112322"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.317447"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577\u2010020\u20100311\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.652470"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010020\u20100901\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270007300950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.092056"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476\u20105381.2008.00041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476\u20105381.2011.01667.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.56.1.170"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.122041599"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2019.9802"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201003\u20100416OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13173"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcp.15328","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bcp.15328","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcp.15328","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T01:02:43Z","timestamp":1692666163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bcp.15328"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bcp.15328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcp.15328","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.22541\/au.163638408.81703278\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0306-5251","1365-2125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-5251","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]}}}