{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T12:59:49Z","timestamp":1787662789168,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018JJ3771"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018JJ3771"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021JJ30969"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ30969"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Toxicity is a major concern related to the clinical use of polymyxin B, and available safety data for renal transplant patients are limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the safety of polymyxin B and toxicity risk factors in renal transplant patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective study was performed on a group of renal transplant patients who received intravenous polymyxin B between January 2018 and August 2021. Polymyxin B treatment was monitored to evaluate toxicity and risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 235 courses of polymyxin B were administered to 213 patients. Of these, 121 (51.5%) developed skin hyperpigmentation (SH), 149 (63.4%) developed neurotoxicity and 10 (5.5%) developed acute kidney injury of which 80% was reversible. Risk factors for developing SH included a high total dose by weight (odds ration [OR] 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08\u20131.60, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.008) and the presence of neurotoxicity (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.56\u20135.26, <jats:italic>P\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u00a0.001). Neurotoxicity manifested during the first 2\u00a0days of treatment. Neurotoxicity occurred most commonly in women (OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.82\u20138.10, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), and the presence of SH (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.13\u20133.46, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.016) was also an independent risk factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neurotoxicity and SH are the two major adverse effects of polymyxin B in renal transplant patients, which may limit its clinical use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T03:13:53Z","timestamp":1651720433000},"page":"4742-4750","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Higher incidence of neurotoxicity and skin hyperpigmentation in renal transplant patients treated with polymyxin B"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Yangang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacy Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacy Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xubiao","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gongbin","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacy Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiantian","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacy Central South University  Changsha 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