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He was diagnosed with idiopathic gynecomastia. Tamoxifen is an anti\u2010oestrogen recommended for gynecomastia and has been described in people living with HIV but can potentially induce the activity of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), reducing rilpivirine concentrations, which consequently may cause virological failure and resistance. This is the same for other antiretroviral agents majorly induced by CYP3A4. To date, there have been no reported cases of using anastrozole as a treatment for gynecomastia in people living with HIV or of its co\u2010administration with antiretroviral. We describe the use of an aromatase inhibitor instead of tamoxifen in a person living with HIV, diagnosed with gynecomastia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T19:39:01Z","timestamp":1698953941000},"page":"350-353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anastrozole as a therapeutic option for gynecomastia in a person receiving antiretroviral therapy: Case report"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6029-8249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Senkoro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"},{"name":"Chronic Disease Clinic Ifakara Health Institute  Morogoro Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maithili","family":"Varadarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Candela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Infectious DIseases Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abeba","family":"Gebreselassie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Antoniadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Boffito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","article-title":"Gynecomastia: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment","author":"Swerdloff RS","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endotext [Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350400900416"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/425363"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12636"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","article-title":"Gynecomastia","author":"Niewoehner CB","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Best Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"Liverpool HIV Drug Interactions Checker. 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