{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T17:34:58Z","timestamp":1791480898494,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Amikacin requires therapeutic drug monitoring for optimum efficacy; however, the optimal model\u2010informed precision dosing strategy for the area under the concentration\u2013time curve (AUC) of amikacin is uncertain. This simulation study aimed to determine the efficient blood sampling points using the Bayesian forecasting approach for early achievement of the target AUC range for amikacin in critically ill patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We generated a virtual population of 3000 individuals using 2 validated population pharmacokinetic models identified using a systematic literature search. AUC for each blood sampling point was evaluated using the probability of achieving a ratio of estimated\/reference AUC at steady state in the 0.8\u20131.2 range.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>On day 1, the 1\u2010point samplings for population pharmacokinetic models showed a priori probabilities of 26.3 and 45.6%, which increased to 47.3 and 94.4% at 23 and 15\u2009h, respectively. Using 2\u2010point sampling at the peak (3 and 4\u00a0h) and trough (24\u2009h) on day 1, these probabilities further increased to 72.3 and 99.5%, respectively. These probabilities were comparable on days 2 and 3, regardless of 3 and 6 sampling points or estimated glomerular filtration rate. These results indicated the higher predictive accuracy of 2\u2010point sampling than 1\u2010point sampling on day 1 for amikacin AUC estimation. Moreover, 2\u2010point sampling was a more reasonable approach than rich sampling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study contributes to the development of an efficient model\u2010informed precision dosing strategy for early targeting of amikacin AUC in critically ill patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.16002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T09:03:47Z","timestamp":1706864627000},"page":"1173-1182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A simulation study on model\u2010informed precision dosing of amikacin for achieving target area under the concentration\u2013time curve"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8993-4333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Yamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital  Osaka Japan"},{"name":"Infection Control Center Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0693-1896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Oda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Kumamoto University Hospital  Kumamoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masami","family":"Nishihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9208-6419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masashi","family":"Neo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054\u2010016\u20101320\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12010148"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9090630"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894\u2010021\u201000821\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit152"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978\u20100\u201012\u2010385467\u20104.00001\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/ecosalplus.ESP\u20100002\u20102018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of antimicrobial drugs 2022","volume":"70","author":"Takesue Y","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jpn J Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2020.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134\u2010020\u201006050\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2017.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000940"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2023.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520991"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13626"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13484"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262\u2010016\u20100428\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Health and Nutrition.Physical status questionnaire. Accessed September 29 2023;2019.https:\/\/www.nibiohn.go.jp\/eiken\/kenkounippon21\/en\/eiyouchousa\/kekka_shintai_chousa_nendo.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","unstructured":"Statistics Bureau Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.Current population estimates as of October 1 2019. Accessed September 29 2023;2019.https:\/\/www.stat.go.jp\/english\/data\/jinsui\/2019np\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2008.12.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","unstructured":"Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.QMS\u00ae amikacin (AMIK). Accessed September 29 2023;2020.https:\/\/assets.thermofisher.com\/TFS-Assets\/CDD\/Package-Inserts\/0155213-QMS-Amikacin-Assay-EN.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","unstructured":"Roche Diagnostics.cobas\u00ae AMIK2. Accessed September 29 2023;2018.https:\/\/labogids.sintmaria.be\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/amik2_2018-09_v10.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03190009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.7.1682"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31662\/jmaj.2021\u20100134"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11010096"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.3.650"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1012299115260"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcp.16002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T09:18:10Z","timestamp":1711617490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bcp.16002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bcp.16002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcp.16002","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-5251","1365-2125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-5251","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]}}}