{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T07:10:34Z","timestamp":1763536234499,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1094708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1094708"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to estimate adherence to urate\u2010lowering therapy (ULT), predominately allopurinol, from Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) claims database in association with (1) patient\u2010reported doses and (2) World Health Organization's (WHO) defined daily doses (DDD), namely, allopurinol (400\u2009mg\/day) or febuxostat (80\u2009mg\/day).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Proportion of days covered (PDC) was calculated in 108 Gout App (Gout APP) trial participants with at least two recorded ULT dispensings in an approximately 12\u2010month period before provision of intervention or control apps. Adherence was defined as PDC \u226580%. We measured the correlation between the two methods of calculating PDC using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Agreement between ULT\u2010taking status (self\u2010reports) and ULT\u2010dispensed status (PBS records) was tested with Cohen's kappa (\u03ba), and positive and negative percent agreement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Allopurinol was prescribed in 93.5% of participants taking ULT. Their self\u2010reported mean daily dose (SD) was 291 (167) mg\/day. Mean PDC (SD) for allopurinol was 83% (21%) calculated using self\u2010reported dose, and 63% (24%) using WHO's DDD. Sixty\u2010three percent of allopurinol users were identified as adherent (PDC \u226580%) using self\u2010reported dose. There was good agreement between self\u2010reported ULT use and PBS dispensing claims (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.708, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001; positive percent agreement\u2009=\u200990%, negative percent agreement\u2009=\u200982%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participant\u2010reported allopurinol daily doses, in addition to PBS dispensing claims, may enhance confidence in estimating PDC and adherence compared to using DDD. This approach improves adherence estimations from pharmaceutical claims datasets for medications where daily doses vary between individuals or where there is a wide therapeutic dose range.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.16016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T23:45:29Z","timestamp":1708559129000},"page":"1322-1332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Estimation of adherence to urate\u2010lowering therapy in people living with gout using Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and patient\u2010reported dosing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2217-8611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel","family":"Schulz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St Vincent's Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine UNSW Sydney  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1906-1893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Coleshill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Vincent's Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine UNSW Sydney  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Toxicology St Vincent's Hospital  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Black Dog Institute  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6045-6937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard O.","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Vincent's Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine UNSW Sydney  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Toxicology St Vincent's Hospital  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9313-9252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel F. 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