{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T04:06:02Z","timestamp":1750392362591,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals have expressed concerns about the potential for oral pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis to affect hormonal concentrations achieved from taking gender\u2010affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). The purpose of this study was to understand the bidirectional effects between hormone and intraerythrocytic tenofovir diphosphate concentrations when switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/emtricitabine (TDF\/FTC) to tenofovir alafenamide\/emtricitabine (TAF\/FTC) in TGD users\/nonusers of GAHT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study evaluated stored blood samples and dried blood spot cards from TGD adults without HIV who took \u226512\u2009weeks of TDF\/FTC and then switched to \u226512\u2009weeks of TAF\/FTC for pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010nine individuals met the study inclusion criteria. Regardless of sex assigned at birth and the use of GAHT, there were no significant differences in hormone concentrations when individuals taking GAHT were taking TDF\/FTC and then switched to TAF\/FTC. Further, there was no significant difference in intraerythrocytic tenofovir diphosphate concentrations between users and nonusers of GAHT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are no bidirectional effects between hormone and intraerythocytic tenofovir diphosphate concentrations when switching from TDF\/FTC to TAF\/FTC in TGD users\/nonusers of GAHT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.16071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]],"date-time":"2024-04-22T08:23:25Z","timestamp":1713774205000},"page":"2360-2365","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["No observed bidirectional effect between tenofovir diphosphate concentrations and gender\u2010affirming hormone concentrations among transgender persons switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/emtricitabine to tenofovir alafenamide\/emtricitabine for HIV pre\u2010exposure prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0921-549X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nimish","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheldon","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"AntiViral Research Center University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AntiViral Research Center University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AntiViral Research Center University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deedee","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AntiViral Research Center University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Stancyzk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Blumenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"},{"name":"AntiViral Research Center University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302659"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"HIV infection risk prevention and testing behaviors among transgender women\u2014National HIV Behavioral Surveillance 7 U.S. Cities 2019\u20132020. HIV Surveillance Report.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2021. 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