{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T16:54:31Z","timestamp":1772643271257,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) reduces the plasma protein\u2010binding rate of some anaesthetics and can enhance their pharmacological effects by increasing the unbound drug fraction. However, whether these changes occur with remifentanil remains to be explored. We investigated the changes in the protein\u2010binding rate of remifentanil during CPB compared with propofol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirteen patients (\u226518\u2009years old) who were scheduled to undergo cardiovascular surgery with CPB were included. Arterial blood samples were collected to measure the plasma concentrations of remifentanil and propofol before CPB (T1), 30 (T2) and 60 (T3) minutes after the start of CPB, and 30\u2009min after CPB discontinuation (T4). The samples were immediately centrifuged to separate the plasma after blood collection. Equilibrium dialysis was used to separate the unbound fraction. The remifentanil and propofol concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry. The protein\u2010binding rate was calculated based on the total and unbound fraction of each drug.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The remifentanil protein\u2010binding rates at each time point were 27.9%\u2009\u00b1\u200911.2% (T1), 13.5%\u2009\u00b1\u00a04.4% (T2), 14.0%\u2009\u00b1\u00a03.3% (T3) and 24.5%\u2009\u00b1\u00a06.9% (T4). The propofol protein\u2010binding rates were 97.5%\u2009\u00b1\u00a00.7% (n\u2009=\u20094; T1), 95.8%\u2009\u00b1\u00a01.4% (T2), 95.3%\u2009\u00b1\u00a01.3% (T3) and 95.8%\u2009\u00b1\u00a01.1% (T4). The protein binding rates of both drugs decreased during CPB and reversed after CPB. The change in the unbound fraction was 1.2\u2010fold for remifentanil and 1.7\u20101.9\u2010fold for propofol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unlike propofol, remifentanil might not demonstrate significantly enhanced pharmacological effects during CPB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.16245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T06:58:46Z","timestamp":1725951526000},"page":"151-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Changes in the plasma protein\u2010binding rate of remifentanil during cardiopulmonary bypass"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9567-7266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ueda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadayoshi","family":"Kurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Kawashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Kitamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Research Facilities and Services Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masako","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Research Facilities and Services Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/60.2.146"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2003.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes253"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","unstructured":"Medical package insert for Ultiva\u00ae (written in Japanese)."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer233"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12076"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102710.1997.94875948.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/72.5.571"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542\u2010199311000\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542\u2010199604000\u201000009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539\u2010199311000\u201000028"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539\u2010200211000\u201000038"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcp.16245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T02:36:58Z","timestamp":1735267018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bcp.16245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bcp.16245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcp.16245","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-5251","1365-2125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-5251","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]}}}