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Through our Prospective Pharmacovigilance Program from Laboratory Signals at Hospital, we detected agranulocytosis cases over a period of 42 consecutive months. This report estimates incidence, drug causality, clinical features and outcomes of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIA<\/jats:styled-content>cases and assesses laboratory differences with respect to non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIA<\/jats:styled-content>. We detected 1349 cases of agranulocytosis in 538 adult patients; of these, 43 cases in 40 patients were caused by non\u2010chemotherapy drugs. The incidence rate for 10,000 patients during the study period was 2.75 [Poisson confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>)\u201095%: 0.62\u20137.22]. The mean (S.D.) age was 48 (21)\u00a0years. All cases were categorized as serious, because they required hospitalization (28 cases) or prolongation of hospitalization (15 cases). The outcome was recovery without sequela (39 cases), recovery with sequela (one case of toe amputation) or death (three cases, 7%). The most frequent cause of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIA<\/jats:styled-content>was antimicrobial drugs (19 cases). The highest incidence rate per 10,000 defined daily doses was for cefepime (83.85; Poisson\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>95%: 67\u2013102.89). Automatic linear modelling (n\u00a0=\u00a075,<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a077.9%) showed a significant inverse association with platelets, alkaline phosphatase, C\u2010reactive protein, fibrinogen, lactate dehydrogenase; and direct association with mean corpuscular haemoglobin, and haematocrit. A generalized linear model retained platelets, total serum proteins, creatinine and haemoglobin. The findings suggest an immune\u2010mediated destruction or myeloid toxicity, possibly facilitated by an increase in drug exposure. There might be additional contributing factors, such as nutritional deficiencies or chronic diseases, to develop<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIA<\/jats:styled-content>after exposure to a potentially causative drug.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,25]],"date-time":"2015-05-25T04:39:30Z","timestamp":1432528770000},"page":"399-408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Non\u2010Chemotherapy\u2010Induced Agranulocytosis Detected by a Prospective Pharmacovigilance Program in a Tertiary Hospital"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Medrano\u2010Casique","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology La Paz University Hospital IdiPAZ School of Medicine Autonomous University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoi Y.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology La Paz University Hospital IdiPAZ School of Medicine Autonomous University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto M.","family":"Borobia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology La Paz University Hospital IdiPAZ School of Medicine Autonomous University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio J.","family":"Carcas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology La Paz University Hospital IdiPAZ School of Medicine Autonomous University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Fr\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology La Paz University Hospital IdiPAZ School of Medicine Autonomous University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology La Paz University Hospital IdiPAZ School of Medicine Autonomous University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ewjm.172.4.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1992.00400190095018","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of agranulocytosis","volume":"152","author":"Strom BL","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1981.tb09853.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3257","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1984.03350230017024","article-title":"Drug\u2010induced blood disorders","volume":"252","author":"Danielson DA","year":"1984","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1996.tb01641.x","article-title":"Drugs in the aetiology of agranulocytosis and aplastic anaemia","volume":"60","author":"Kaufman DW","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.4.369"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00072-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"Neutropenia.Medscape.http:\/\/www.emedicine.com\/MED\/topic82.htm(last accessed on 02 June 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a059953"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1993.00410180065007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00315580"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280050011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280000190"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.8.869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-7963(93)70146-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2009.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","unstructured":"Organic law 15\/1999 of 13 December 1999 on the protection of\u00a0personal data(BOE n\u00fam. 298 de 14\u201012\u20101999 pp.43088\u201399)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"ICH guideline on E2D postapproval safety data management: definitions and standards for expedited reporting. 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