{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T14:31:13Z","timestamp":1781965873042,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]],"date-time":"2016-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VR 2011\u20103440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR 2011\u20103440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VR 2011\u20107381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR 2011\u20107381"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004348","name":"Stockholms L\u00e4ns Landsting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review has the purpose to summarize concentration\u2013effect studies made with quinine and to compare the effects on hearing between quinine and salicylate. Quinine and salicylate have roles in experimental hearing research and may induce pronounced and reversible hearing impairment when administered in sizeable doses. The quinine\u2010induced increase in hearing threshold and its recovery can be analysed according to \u2018the psychophysical power function\u2019. The power function is a special case of the Hill equation when the stimulus (e.g. a drug concentration) is exceedingly small compared with the concentration that would elicit a half\u2010maximum response. Quinine and salicylate induce sensorineural hearing impairment and tinnitus when given in higher dose ranges in man. The drugs influence the presence, magnitude, and quality of audiological responses, such as spontaneous and evoked otoacoustic emissions. Quinine reversibly reduces frequency selectivity and hearing sensitivity, whereas the self\u2010attained most comfortable speech level and the acoustic stapedius reflex are not affected, that is the dynamic range of hearing is reversibly reduced. This observation supports the view that quinine acts on the outer hair cell of the cochlea. Both drugs share a protective effect against the permanent hearing damages caused by gentamicin. This action is interpreted as a request for functioning mechanoelectric transducer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MET<\/jats:styled-content>) channels to elicit the ill effect of aminoglycosides. Both drugs may interfere with the cochlear amplifier through blocking <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MET<\/jats:styled-content> channels and the motor protein prestin. This review finds considerable overlap between type and extent of pharmacological actions of quinine and salicylate, supposedly caused by partly shared mechanisms of action but performed with different molecular mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]],"date-time":"2016-07-11T14:00:58Z","timestamp":1468245658000},"page":"5-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Concentration\u2013Response Relationship of Hearing Impairment Caused by Quinine and Salicylate: Pharmacological Similarities but Different Molecular Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Alvan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Berninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Audiology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars L.","family":"Gustafsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kjell K.","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Audiology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Paintaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology\u2010Toxicology Tours University Hospital Tours France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Wakelkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"KarlssonKK.On quinine and hearing. Diss.Karolinska Institute Stockholm 1990;87."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Review of salicylate\u2010induced hearing loss, neurotoxicity, tinnitus and neuropathophysiology","volume":"34","author":"Sheppard A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"33","volume-title":"17 Equations that Changed the World","author":"Stewart I","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"BerningerE.Quinine as a model for the study of cochlear hearing loss in humans. Diss.Karolinska Institute Stockholm 2000;371. ISBN:91\u2010628\u20104272\u20102."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(89)90095-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1991.tb05554.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1994.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Pronounced cochlear hearing loss. A mechanistic study in one volunteer at multiple stable plasma concentrations","volume":"4","author":"Karlsson KK","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Audiol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(90)90069-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(91)90216-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","volume-title":"Psychophysics: Introduction to its Perceptual, Neural and Social Prospects","author":"Stevens SS","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18433\/J3GP53"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00252.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3786"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90393-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(99)00031-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(01)00229-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-25041"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Magnitude changes in transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and high\u2010level 2f1\u2010f2 distortion products in man during quinine administration","volume":"25","author":"Berninger E","year":"1995","journal-title":"Scand Audiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Quinine reduces the dynamic range of the human auditory system","volume":"118","author":"Berninger E","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Oto\u2010Laryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164800750000405"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020701438797"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2011.554440"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.410022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01050399109070795"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07380"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2008.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.061267"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1420906112"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022347"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3940-12.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01059"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35012009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-003-1090-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.5.2503"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1056-8719(95)00022-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13214"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814553930"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01050398209076194"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.391585"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2005.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.396970"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3523308"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1060939"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03562.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(98)00008-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.22.2.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","first-page":"803","article-title":"Salicylate attenuates gentamicin\u2010induced ototoxicity","volume":"79","author":"Sha SH","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc053428"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2012.08.002"}],"container-title":["Basic &amp; Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbcpt.12640","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbcpt.12640","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcpt.12640","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T10:13:53Z","timestamp":1696328033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bcpt.12640"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bcpt.12640"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcpt.12640","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-7835","1742-7843"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-7835","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-7843","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-01-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-07-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-09-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}