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Here, we review the recent publications on <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> biodistribution of pristine and functionalized forms of single\u2010walled and multi\u2010walled <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNT<\/jats:styled-content>. Pristine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNT<\/jats:styled-content> remain in the lung for months or even years after pulmonary deposition. If cleared, the majority of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNT<\/jats:styled-content> move to the gastrointestinal (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GI<\/jats:styled-content>) tract via the mucociliary escalator. However, there appears to be no uptake of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNT<\/jats:styled-content> from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GI<\/jats:styled-content> tract, with a possible exception of the smallest functionalized <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SWCNT<\/jats:styled-content>. Importantly, a significant fraction of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNT<\/jats:styled-content> translocate from the alveolar space to the near pulmonary region including lymph nodes, subpleura and pleura (&lt;7% of the pulmonary deposited dose) and to distal organs including liver, spleen and bone marrow (~1%). These results clearly demonstrate the main sites of long\u2010term <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNT<\/jats:styled-content> accumulation, which also includes pleura, a major site for fibre\u2010induced pulmonary diseases. Studies on intravenous injection show that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNT<\/jats:styled-content> in blood circulation are cleared relatively fast with a half\u2010life of minutes or hours. The major target organs were the same as identified after pulmonary exposure with the exception of urine excretion of especially functionalized <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SWCNT<\/jats:styled-content> and accumulation in lung tissue. Overall, there is evidence that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CNT<\/jats:styled-content> will primarily be distributed to the liver where they appear to be present at least one year after exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]],"date-time":"2016-11-16T20:37:53Z","timestamp":1479328673000},"page":"30-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Biodistribution of Carbon Nanotubes in Animal Models"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Nicklas Raun","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Section of Environmental Health University of Copenhagen Copenhagen K Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per Axel","family":"Clausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Thoustrup","family":"Saber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Micheletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ECAMRICERT Vicenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keld Alstrup","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5kan","family":"Wallin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Section of Environmental Health University of Copenhagen Copenhagen K Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulla","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Micro and Nanotechnology Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"JensenKA B\u00f8gelundJ JacksonP JacobsenNR BirkedalR ClausenPAet al.Carbon Nanotubes \u2013 Types Products Market and Provisional Assessment of the Associated Risks to Man and the Environment. 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