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This study was aimed at exploring the potential effect of magnolol on immune\u2010related liver fibrosis. Herein, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BALB<\/jats:styled-content>\/c mice were injected with concanavalin A (ConA, 8\u00a0mg\/kg\/week) up to 6\u00a0weeks to establish hepatic fibrosis, and magnolol (10, 20, 30\u00a0mg\/kg\/day) was given to these mice orally throughout the whole experiment. We found that magnolol preserved liver function and attenuated liver fibrotic injury <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>. In response to ConA stimulation, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells preferred to polarizing towards <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T helper 17 (Th17) cells in liver. Magnolol was observed to inhibit Th17 cell differentiation in ConA\u2010treated liver in addition to suppressing interleukin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u201017A generation. Hepatic stellate cells were activated in fibrotic liver as demonstrated by increased alpha smooth muscle actin (\u03b1\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content>) and desmin. More transforming growth factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010\u03b21 and activin A were secreted into the serum. Magnolol suppressed this abnormal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSC<\/jats:styled-content> activation. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of Smad3 in its linker area (Thr179, Ser 204\/208\/213) was inhibited by magnolol. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, the recombinant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A plus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b21 or activin A induced activation of human <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LX<\/jats:styled-content>2 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSC<\/jats:styled-content>s and promoted their collagen production. Smad3\/Smad4 signalling pathway was activated in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LX<\/jats:styled-content>2 cells exposed to the fibrotic stimuli, as illustrated by the up\u2010regulated phospho\u2010Smad3 and the enhanced interaction between Smad3 and Smad4. These alterations were suppressed by magnolol. Collectively, our study reveals a novel antifibrotic effect of magnolol on Th17 cell\u2010mediated fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,29]],"date-time":"2016-12-29T07:52:43Z","timestamp":1482997963000},"page":"560-570","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Magnolol Attenuates Concanavalin A\u2010induced Hepatic Fibrosis, Inhibits <scp>CD<\/scp>4<sup>+<\/sup> T Helper 17 (Th17) Cell Differentiation and Suppresses Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation: Blockade of Smad3\/Smad4 Signalling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Hongjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baoling","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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