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The consequent extracellular matrix rearrangement and phenotype switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSMC<\/jats:styled-content>s) lead to increased cellular migration and proliferation. As calponin\u20101 degradation by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 may lead to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSMC<\/jats:styled-content> proliferation during hypertension, the hypothesis of this study is that increased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 activity contributes to early hypertension\u2010induced maladaptive remodelling in conductance and resistance arteries via regulation of calponin\u20101. The main objective was to analyse whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 exerts similar effects on the structure and function of the resistance and conductance arteries during early hypertension. Two\u2010kidney, one\u2010clip (2K\u20101C) hypertensive male rats and corresponding controls were treated with doxycycline (30 mg\/kg\/day) or water until reaching one week of hypertension. Systolic blood pressure was increased in 2K\u20101C rats, and doxycycline did not reduce it. Aortas and mesenteric arteries were analysed. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 activity and expression were increased in both arteries, and doxycycline reduced it. Significant hypertrophic remodelling and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSMC<\/jats:styled-content> proliferation were observed in aortas but not in mesenteric arteries of 2K\u20101C rats. The contractility of mesenteric arteries to phenylephrine was increased in 2K\u20101C rats, and doxycycline prevented this alteration. The potency of phenylephrine to contract aortas of 2K\u20101C rats was increased, and doxycycline decreased it. Whereas calponin\u20101 expression was increased in 2K\u20101C mesenteric arteries, calponin\u20101 was reduced in aortas. Doxycycline treatment reverted changes in calponin\u20101 expression. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 contributes to hypertrophic remodelling in aortas by decreasing calponin\u20101 levels, which may result in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSMC<\/jats:styled-content> proliferation. On the other hand, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102\u2010dependent increased calponin\u20101 in mesenteric arteries may contribute to vascular hypercontractility in 2K\u20101C rats. Divergent regulation of calponin\u20101 by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 may be an important mechanism that leads to maladaptive vascular effects in hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T16:47:39Z","timestamp":1491410859000},"page":"246-256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Matrix Metalloproteinase\u20102 Activity is Associated with Divergent Regulation of Calponin\u20101 in Conductance and Resistance Arteries in Hypertension\u2010induced Early Vascular Dysfunction and Remodelling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Juliana M.","family":"Parente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Ribeirao Preto Medical School University of Sao Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP 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