{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T23:44:11Z","timestamp":1776210251546,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,19]],"date-time":"2017-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004156","name":"Mahidol University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of pharmacogenomic factors and clinical outcome in autistic children and adolescents who were treated with risperidone for long periods. Eighty\u2010two autistic subjects diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DSM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> and who were treated with risperidone for more than 1\u00a0year were recruited. Pharmacogenomics and clinical outcome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I, aggressive, overactivity and repetitive score) were evaluated. Almost all patients showed stable symptoms on aggressive behaviour (89.02%), overactivity (71.95%), repetitive (70.89%) behaviour and all clinical symptoms (81.71%). Only 4.48% of patients showed minimally worse <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010I score. Patients in the non\u2010stable symptom group had <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRD<\/jats:styled-content>2 Taq1A<\/jats:italic> non\u2010wild\u2010type (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TT<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>) frequencies higher than the clinically stable group (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.04), whereas other gene polymorphisms showed no significant association. Haplotype <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACCTCAT<\/jats:styled-content> (rs6311, rs1045642, rs1128503, rs1800497, rs4436578, rs1799978, rs6280) showed a significant association with non\u2010stable clinical outcome (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a06.642, <jats:italic>p\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.010). Risperidone levels showed no association with any clinical outcome. On the other hand, risperidone dose, 9\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content> risperidone levels and prolactin levels were significantly higher in the non\u2010stable compared to the stable symptom group (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.013, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.044, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.030). Increased appetite was the most common adverse drug reaction and associated with higher body\u2010weight, whereas it was not significantly associated with genetic variations and non\u2010genetic information. In conclusion, risperidone showed efficacy to control autism, especially aggressive symptoms in long\u2010term treatment. However, <jats:italic>Taq1A<\/jats:italic> T \u2013 carrier of dopamine 2 receptor gene \u2013 is associated with non\u2010stable response in risperidone\u2010treated patients. This study supports pharmacogenomics testing for personalized therapy with risperidone in autistic children and adolescents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T07:56:46Z","timestamp":1493884606000},"page":"316-324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Pharmacogenomics and Efficacy of Risperidone Long\u2010Term Treatment in Thai Autistic Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Nopphadol","family":"Nuntamool","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC) Ramathibodi Hospital Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nattawat","family":"Ngamsamut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Services Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital Ministry of Public Health Samut Prakarn Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natchaya","family":"Vanwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics Somdech Phra Debaratana Medical Center (SDMC) Ramathibodi Hospital Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Apichaya","family":"Puangpetch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Department of Pathology Faculty 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