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Our interest was to investigate the caffeine effect on sepsis behavioural and memory impairments. Male rats were anaesthetized and the surgery was made to allow exposure of the caecum, which was then squeezed to extrude a small amount of faeces from the perforation site, which was later placed back into the peritoneal cavity. This procedure, which served to generate experimental sepsis, is herein referred to as ceccum ligation and perforation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLP<\/jats:styled-content>). The caffeine (10\u00a0mg\/kg) was administered by gavage route, once daily, during 7 or 14 consecutive days to investigate the effects of acute or subchronic caffeine treatment on long\u2010term behavioural and cognitive deficits induced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLP<\/jats:styled-content>. On the last day, 1\u00a0hr after caffeine administration, the animals were submitted to open\u2010field, elevated plus maze (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPM<\/jats:styled-content>), forced swimming and step\u2010down inhibitory avoidance tests. The results showed that caffeine increased the percentage of open arm entries and open arm time in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPM<\/jats:styled-content> test, and reduced the immobility time when compared to the sham\u2010operated group. The caffeine also increased the latency in the inhibitory avoidance test platform. Our results demonstrated that the caffeine improved behavioural changes and improved the neurocognitive deficits of sepsis\u2010surviving animals. It is possible that blockage of the adenosine receptors may be responsible for the results here observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T01:35:49Z","timestamp":1525743349000},"page":"435-442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Effects of Caffeine on Behavioural and Cognitive Deficits in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Melissa S.","family":"Assis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences University of Bras\u00edlia Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alu\u00edzio C.","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences University of Bras\u00edlia Bras\u00edlia 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