{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:30:58Z","timestamp":1790141458136,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005117","name":"Birjand University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005117","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lead, one of the most widely used metals because of its beneficial physical properties, has been reported to adversely influence several different organs and organ systems. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of lead exposure on liver and renal function and haematologic parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a case\u2010cohort study comparing adults with occupational, environmental or opium\u2010related lead exposure with blood lead levels [BLL] &gt;10\u00a0\u03bcg\/dL (High blood lead level (HBLL) group and age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched normal healthy individuals (Low blood lead level [LBLL] group with BLL &lt;10\u00a0\u03bcg\/dL). The complete blood count and concentrations of serum creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were recorded for subsequent investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean BLL was significantly higher in the HBLL than in the LBLL groups (51.36\u00a0\u00b1\u00a044.72 vs 4.17\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.97\u00a0\u00b5g\/dL). The Spearman's rho revealed a significant association between BLL and urea (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.25,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), creatinine (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.16,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.02), AST (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.42,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and ALT (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.27,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The median [IQR] serum urea (34\u00a0mg\/dL [27\u2010221]) vs (30 [27\u201036]), creatinine (0.9\u00a0mg\/dL [0.8\u20101]) vs (0.8 [0.7\u20100.9]), ALT (25\u00a0mg\/dL [16\u201049]) vs (22 [16\u201030]) and AST concentrations (29\u00a0mg\/dL [20\u201042]) vs (20 [18\u201024]) were all significantly higher (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in the HBLL group compared to the LBLL group. The median [IQR] haemoglobin (12.6\u00a0g\/dL [10.4\u201015.4]) vs (15.2 [14.6\u201016.3] and haematocrit (36.9% [31\u201044.8]) vs (45.6 [43.6\u201048.2]) were both significantly lower (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) in the HBLL group than in the LBLL group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results indicated that people with chronic lead exposure with BLLs greater than 10\u00a0\u03bcg\/dL are at risk of renal, liver and haematologic impairments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,24]],"date-time":"2018-11-24T10:58:59Z","timestamp":1543057139000},"page":"621-628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Impact of chronic lead exposure on liver and kidney function and haematologic parameters"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Samaneh","family":"Nakhaee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC) Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Amirabadizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC) Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffery","family":"Brent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine  University of Colorado Aurora Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Mehrpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC) Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran"},{"name":"Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center Denver Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1408171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1560-8115-20-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Blood lead levels in asymptomatic opium addict patients; a case control study","volume":"5","author":"Ghaemi K","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emergency."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Comparison of serum lead level in oral opium dependent men with healthy Control Group","volume":"52","author":"Salehi H","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med J Mashhad Univ Med Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2008-2231-20-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"513","article-title":"Opium addiction as new source of lead poisoning: an emerging epidemic in Iran","volume":"17","author":"Nakhaee S","year":"2018","journal-title":"EXCLI J."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"153331751879403","article-title":"Comparison of blood lead levels in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and healthy people","author":"Fathabadi B","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention2015.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/topics\/ABLES\/description.html. 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