{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T01:17:41Z","timestamp":1790039861999,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Epidemiological studies have suggested that human exposure to extremely low\u2010frequency electromagnetic fields from the electric power and to mobile phone radiofrequency electromagnetic fields induce an increased risk of developing malignant tumours. However, no adequate laboratory data, in particular long\u2010term carcinogenicity bioassays to support the epidemiological evidence, have yet been available. This motivated the Ramazzini Institute to embark on a first project of four large life\u2010span carcinogenic bioassays conducted on over 7000 Sprague Dawley rats exposed from prenatal life until natural death to S\u201050\u00a0Hz MF alone or combined with gamma radiation or formaldehyde or aflatoxin B1. Results now available from these studies, which started concurrently, have shown that exposure to Sinusoidal\u201050\u00a0Hz Magnetic Field (S\u201050\u00a0Hz MF) combined with acute exposure to gamma radiation or to chronic administration of formaldehyde in drinking water induces a significantly increased incidence of malignant tumours in males and females. A second project of two large life\u2010span carcinogenic bioassays was conducted on over 3000 Sprague Dawley rats exposed from prenatal life until natural death to 1.8\u00a0GHz GSM of mobile phone radio base station, alone or combined with acute exposure to gamma radiation. Early results from the experiment on 1.8\u00a0GHz GSM alone show a statistically significant increase in the incidence of heart malignant schwannoma among males exposed at the highest dose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T05:27:54Z","timestamp":1551158874000},"page":"58-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The carcinogenic potential of non\u2010ionizing radiations: The cases of S\u201050\u00a0Hz MF and 1.8\u00a0GHz GSM radiofrequency radiation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Morando","family":"Soffritti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ramazzini Institute for the Study and the Control of Tumors and Environmental Diseases Bologna Italy"},{"name":"European Foundation for Cancer Research, Environmental and Occupational Diseases \u201cRuberti\u2010Schileo\u201d Treviso Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livio","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Degree Course in Physical Medicine Abruzzo University Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112681"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198207223070412"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","unstructured":"MatanoskiGM BreissePN.The Hopkins telephone worker study.Poster at Contractors review meeting Portland Oregon.1989; 13\u201316 November."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90325-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116095"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116423"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1376"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer.IARC monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. 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