{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:17:53Z","timestamp":1790360273617,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]],"date-time":"2019-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002573","name":"Yonsei University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-22-0023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-22-0023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002573","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anti\u2010epileptic drugs (AEDs) have various pharmacokinetic profiles, inter\u2010individual variabilities, high possibilities of drug\u2010drug interactions and narrow therapeutic indices. To provide optimal treatment for patients, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is necessary. However, TDM requires sufficient quantities of blood samples to measure drug concentrations. Therefore, TDM could be a burden, particularly in paediatric cases. A good alternative that overcomes these disadvantages is the dried blood spot (DBS) method, which is simple, convenient to use and less invasive, requiring a lower quantity of blood than traditional blood sampling methods. However, the DBS method is affected by haematocrit (Hct) levels to varying extents depending on the drug properties. In addition, different papers with varying characteristics are available for use when applying the DBS method. Therefore, it has not yet been applied to TDM in clinical practice. To achieve this, several steps are required, including method development, method validation and clinical validation. Currently, the development status of the DBS method is different for each AED and unclear. Therefore, we assessed the development status of the following 19 AEDs in 26 studies: lamotrigine, valproic acid, levetiracetam, phenytoin, topiramate, carbamazepine, carbamazepine epoxide, gabapentin, phenobarbital, pregabalin, clobazam, clonazepam, ethosuximide, felbamate, monohydroxycarbamazepine, nitrazepam, rufinamide, vigabatrin and zonisamide. Among them, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, topiramate and valproic acid have been developed such that they are nearly available for TDM. In addition, Whatman 903 Protein Saver Cards and concentration analysis by liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer were used most often.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,14]],"date-time":"2019-06-14T09:24:03Z","timestamp":1560504243000},"page":"215-236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Development and clinical applications of the dried blood spot method for therapeutic drug monitoring of anti\u2010epileptic drugs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Kyoung Lok","family":"Min","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy Yonsei University Incheon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Yeoul","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Yonsei University Incheon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Jung","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy Yonsei University Incheon Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Yonsei University Incheon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.00770.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb02944.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.Pharmacometric approach to define narrow therapeutic index (NTI) Drugs & Evaluate Bioequivalence (BE) Criteria for NTI Drugs.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/108490\/downloadAccessed May 12 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2004.245"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-016-0148-6"},{"issue":"202230","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"w1115","article-title":"Improving the use of phlebotomy services in a paediatric inpatient setting","volume":"2","author":"Pitchforth J","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Improv Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2015.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"e50973","article-title":"Dried blood spot collection of health biomarkers to maximize participation in population studies","volume":"83","author":"Ostler MW","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e31819e91ce"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.10.158"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12126"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WahajuddinM TanejaI RajuK.Dried blood spots for neonates and pediatric populations.2015.","DOI":"10.4155\/fseb2013.14.363"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.177592"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.11.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety.Guideline on bioanalytical method validation.http:\/\/www.nifds.go.kr\/brd\/m_15\/view.do?seq=7018&srchFr=&srchTo=&srchWord=%EC%83%9D%EC%B2%B4%EC%8B%9C%EB%A3%8C&srchTp=0&itm_seq_2=0&multi_itm_seq=0&company_cd=&company_nm=&page=1Accessed May 6 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1646"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"Protein Saver Card.https:\/\/www.gelifesciences.com\/en\/br\/shop\/molecular-biology\/sample-collection\/cards-kits-and-collectors\/903-proteinsaver-card-p-01011Accessed January 16 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"Specimen Collection Cards.https:\/\/www.ahlstrom-munksjo.com\/Products\/diagnostics\/specimen-collection-cards\/Accessed January 16 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"Whatman FTA DMPK Cards.https:\/\/cdn.gelifesciences.com\/dmm3bwsv3\/AssetStream.aspx?mediaformatxml:id=10061&destinationxml:id=10016&assetxml:id=26310Accessed January 16 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","unstructured":"PerkinElmer 226 Sample Collection Device.https:\/\/newbornscreening.perkinelmer.com\/products\/perkinelmer_226_sample_collection_deviceAccessed January 16 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2012.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02002-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.15.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.11.132"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.10.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108190"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2013.03.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-2010-1372","article-title":"A comparison of capillary and venous blood sampling methods for the use in haemorheology studies","volume":"47","author":"Simmonds MJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2017.01.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2013.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000541"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2017.11.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2014.03.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.170"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2017.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2016.12.008"},{"issue":"45","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Determination of serum carbamazepine concentration using dried blood spot specimens for resource\u2010limited settings","volume":"2017","author":"Das S","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hosp Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2016.09.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2015.02.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2014.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2014-0472"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365513.2014.933360"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2010.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1365\/s10337-010-1569-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2008.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000456328402100615"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.2905","article-title":"Development and validation of dried blood spots technique for quantitative determination of topiramate using liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"27","author":"Popov TV","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Chromatogr"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.12.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02204.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2015.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2014.05.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2016.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-197803020-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2010.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2010.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2012.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01981.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200443110-00002"}],"container-title":["Basic &amp; Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbcpt.13269","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcpt.13269","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bcpt.13269","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcpt.13269","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T15:23:59Z","timestamp":1721402639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bcpt.13269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bcpt.13269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcpt.13269","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-7835","1742-7843"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-7835","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-7843","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}