{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T11:15:42Z","timestamp":1779362142454,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001773","name":"University of New South Wales","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003921","name":"Department of Health, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1060407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1060407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent European and US studies reported increased risks of skin cancers associated with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) treatment. Our study aimed to determine the risk of lip cancer and malignant melanoma among Australians prescribed HCTZ. We conducted a case\u2010control study nested within a population of veterans residing in New South Wales in 2004\u20102015, using Australian Department of Veterans\u2019 Affairs data linked with cancer registrations, hospitalisation and prescription dispensings. Among DVA healthcare card holders 65\u00a0years and older, we identified incident cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the lip and of cutaneous melanoma, each matched with up to 20 controls through risk\u2010set sampling. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) associating HCTZ use with each cancer using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for predefined confounders. For lip cancer (45 cases), ever\u2010use of HCTZ yielded an OR of 2.6 (95% CI: 1.4\u20105.0) and high HCTZ use (\u226525\u00a0000\u00a0mg) an OR of 4.7 (95% CI: 1.6\u201013.7). For cutaneous melanoma (659 cases), ever\u2010use of HCTZ resulted in an OR of 1.2 (95% CI 1.0\u20101.5) and high HCTZ use in an OR of 1.2 (95% CI: 0.8\u20101.8). Our findings align with risk estimates from previous studies and provide further evidence that HCTZ\u2019s photosensitising properties may promote carcinogenesis in sun\u2010exposed tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T11:47:33Z","timestamp":1593604053000},"page":"320-328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the lip and cutaneous melanoma in older Australians using hydrochlorothiazide: A population\u2010based case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"127","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8617-6055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Daniels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicines Policy Research Unit Centre for Big Data Research in Health UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7137-6855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sallie\u2010Anne","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicines Policy Research Unit Centre for Big Data Research in Health UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire M.","family":"Vajdic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Research Unit Centre for Big Data Research in Health UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Potteg\u00e5rd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas A.","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Group University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Zoega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicines Policy Research Unit Centre for Big Data Research in Health UNSW Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Public Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284427"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000000774"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018912"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.096156"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.2.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme.Australian statistics on medicines 2015.https:\/\/www.pbs.gov.au\/info\/statistics\/asm\/asm\u20102015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604686"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans.Some drugs and herbal products. 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Minutes of the meeting on 03\u201306 September 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency.Hydrochlorothiazide: risk of non\u2010melanoma skin cancer particularly in long\u2010term use 2018.https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/drug\u2010safety\u2010update\/hydrochlorothiazide\u2010risk\u2010of\u2010non\u2010melanoma\u2010skin\u2010cancer\u2010particularly\u2010in\u2010long\u2010term\u2010use"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"Health Canada.Summary Safety Review \u2010 Hydrochlorothiazide \u2013 Health Canada 2019.https:\/\/hpr\u2010rps.hres.ca\/reg\u2010content\/summary\u2010safety\u2010review\u2010detail.php?lang=en&linkID=SSR00215"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","unstructured":"Singapore Government Health Sciences Authority.2019.Update on the recent study findings on the risk of non\u2010melanoma skin cancer with prolonged use of hydrochlorothiazide 2019.https:\/\/www.hsa.gov.sg\/content\/hsa\/en\/Health_Products_Regulation\/Safety_Information_and_Product_Recalls\/Product_Safety_Alerts\/2019\/update\u2010on\u2010the\u2010recentstudyfindingsontheriskofnonmelanomaskincance.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"New Zealand Medicines and Medical Devices Safety Authority.Hydrochlorothiazide: risk of non\u2010melanoma skin cancer2019.https:\/\/www.medsafe.govt.nz\/safety\/Alerts\/Hydrochlorothiazide.asp"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"World Cancer Research Fund.Skin cancer statistics 2018.https:\/\/www.wcrf.org\/dietandcancer\/cancer\u2010trends\/skin\u2010cancer\u2010statistics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004099"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","unstructured":"Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affairs.Factsheet HSV92 \u2013 repatriation pharmaceutical benefits scheme 2019.https:\/\/www.dva.gov.au\/factsheet\u2010hsv92\u2010repatriation\u2010pharmaceutical\u2010benefits\u2010scheme"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"Cancer Institute NSW.NSW Cancer Registry 2018.https:\/\/www.cancer.nsw.gov.au\/data\u2010research\/data\u2010held\u2010by\u2010cinsw\/nsw\u2010cancer\u2010registry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118344828.ch21"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","volume-title":"Epidemiology: An introduction","author":"Rothman KJ","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11592780-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics.Statistical geography volume 1 \u2013 Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC) July2006.https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/AUSSTATS\/abs@.nsf\/Lookup\/1216.0Main+Features1Jul%202006?OpenDocument##targetText=1216.0%20%2D%20Statistical%20Geography%20Volume%201 Classification%20(ASGC)%2C%20Jul%202006&targetText=A%20classification%20system%2C%20designed%20and of%20collecting%20and%20disseminating%20statistics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-016-0487-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.11081.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.06.1325"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0652"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics.National health survey: first results 2017\u201318 2018.https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/Lookup\/by%20Subject\/4364.0.55.001~2017\u201018~Main%20Features~Hypertension%20and%20measured%20high%20blood%20pressure~60"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2016.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0613-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics.Cultural diversity in Australia 2016.https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/Lookup\/by%20Subject\/2071.0~2016~Main%20Features~Cultural%20Diversity%20Data%20Summary~30"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/php.12807"}],"container-title":["Basic &amp; 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