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Here, we briefly describe these damages and review the current evidence supporting a potential role for nitrate and nitrite as antihypertensive molecules that act via nitric oxide (NO) formation\u2013dependent and NO formation\u2013independent mechanisms and how nitrate\/nitrite inhibits cardiovascular remodelling in hypertension. The renin\u2010angiotensin system activation and oxidative stress converge to activate proteases involved in cardiovascular remodelling in hypertension. Besides these proteases, several investigations have demonstrated that reduced endogenous NO bioavailability is a central pathological event in hypertension. In this regard, nitrate\/nitrite, long considered inert products of NO, is now known as physiological molecules able to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients and in different experimental models of hypertension. These effects are associated with the formation of NO and other NO\u2010related molecules, which could induce S\u2010nitrosylation of target proteins. However, it remains unclear whether S\u2010nitrosylation is an essential mechanism for the anti\u2010remodelling effects of nitrate\/nitrite in hypertension. Moreover, nitrate\/nitrite produces antioxidant effects associated with the inhibition of signalling pathways involved in cardiovascular remodelling. Together, these findings may help to establish nitrate and nitrite as effective therapies in hypertension\u2010induced cardiovascular remodelling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,9]],"date-time":"2020-08-09T01:50:26Z","timestamp":1596937826000},"page":"9-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Nitrate and nitrite\u2010based therapy to attenuate cardiovascular remodelling in arterial hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5187-2090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle A.","family":"Guimaraes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Ribeirao Preto Medical School University of Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rose I. 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