{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T08:41:30Z","timestamp":1790757690043,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Keloid is a type of unusually raised scar. Botulinum toxin A (BTX\u2010A) has a great application potential in keloids treatment. Here, we investigated the functional role of BTX\u2010A in keloids. We separated keloid tissues and normal skin tissues from keloid patients and found that the expression of myofibroblast markers, \u03b1\u2010SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III was increased in the keloid tissues as compared with normal skin tissues. Keloid fibroblasts derived from keloid tissues were treated with TGF\u2010\u03b21 to induce the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. The keloid myofibroblasts displayed a significant up\u2010regulation of \u03b1\u2010SMA. BTX\u2010A enhanced the expression of adipocyte markers, PPAR\u03b3 and C\/EBP\u03b1, and increased the accumulation of lipid droplets, and reduced the expression of \u03b1\u2010SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III in the keloid myofibroblasts. Moreover, BTX\u2010A enhanced the expression of BMP4 and p\u2010smad1\/5\/8. Noggin (BMP4 antagonist) treatment reversed BTX\u2010A\u2010mediated increase of PPAR\u03b3 and C\/EBP\u03b1 expression and lipid droplets, and down\u2010regulation of \u03b1\u2010SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III in primary keloid myofibroblasts. In conclusion, BTX\u2010A promoted the transdifferentiation of primary keloid myofibroblasts into adipocyte\u2010like cells, which may attribute to activate BMP4\/Smad signalling pathway. Thus, this study provides new insights into the mechanism of BTX\u2010A in keloid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T22:41:22Z","timestamp":1632782482000},"page":"462-469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Botulinum toxin A promotes the transdifferentiation of primary keloid myofibroblasts into adipocyte\u2010like cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"Xing","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin Medical Cosmetology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1107-3187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tie\u2010Chi","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030711"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524016666160429121345"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12326"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar2971"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2011.00708.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8060607"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03911.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aai8792"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-019-01772-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12828"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20190679"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24456"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001438"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002625"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13492"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X13482938"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2020.9571"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79785-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2020.1860491"}],"container-title":["Basic &amp; Clinical Pharmacology &amp; Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcpt.13661","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bcpt.13661","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bcpt.13661","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T09:32:36Z","timestamp":1693215156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bcpt.13661"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bcpt.13661"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bcpt.13661","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-7835","1742-7843"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-7835","type":"print"},{"value":"1742-7843","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}