{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T02:40:07Z","timestamp":1773801607698,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Raltegravir, an HIV integrase inhibitor, although generally well tolerated, may cause severe reactions such as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). This syndrome has been associated with impaired drug metabolism, viral reactivation and genetic factors including\n                      <jats:italic>HLA\u2010B*53:01<\/jats:italic>\n                      . We describe two cases of DRESS in a raltegravir\u2010treated cohort and review the relevant literature.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Medical records from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (2008\u20132020) were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients genotyped for\n                      <jats:italic>HLA\u2010B*53<\/jats:italic>\n                      who received raltegravir. Suspected DRESS cases were assessed using the RegiSCAR scoring system and Naranjo algorithm. A structured literature search was conducted to identify additional published cases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 109 patients treated with raltegravir, three (2.8%) were\n                      <jats:italic>HLA\u2010B*53<\/jats:italic>\n                      carriers. Two developed DRESS, while no events occurred in non\u2010carriers. One presented with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis and HHV\u20106 reactivation (RegiSCAR 6). The second developed eosinophilia, rash and pulmonary symptoms (RegiSCAR 4). The third carrier remained asymptomatic. A continuity correction yielded a RR of 133.9. Nine additional cases were identified in the literature and summarized according to clinical features and\n                      <jats:italic>HLA\u2010B*53<\/jats:italic>\n                      status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Findings support a potential genetic predisposition involving\n                      <jats:italic>HLA\u2010B*53:01<\/jats:italic>\n                      in raltegravir\u2010induced DRESS. Screening in high\u2010prevalence populations may help prevent severe reactions. Further research should refine diagnostic and management strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.70118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T12:06:41Z","timestamp":1759234001000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of\n                    <i>HLA\u2010B*53<\/i>\n                    With DRESS Syndrome in Patients Treated With Raltegravir: Two Case Reports and a Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"137","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3190-4124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Ramos\u2010Del\u00a0Moral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Department La Princesa University Hospital, La Princesa Health Research Institute (IIS\u2010Princesa)  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (UAM)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u00a0Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine La Princesa University Hospital  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Navares\u2010G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Department La Princesa University Hospital, La Princesa Health Research Institute (IIS\u2010Princesa)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Campod\u00f3nico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Department La Princesa University Hospital, La Princesa Health Research Institute (IIS\u2010Princesa)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Almenara\u00a0de\u00a0Riquer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Department La Princesa University Hospital, La Princesa Health Research Institute (IIS\u2010Princesa)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Barrios\u00a0Blandino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine La Princesa University Hospital  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Mej\u00eda\u2010Abril","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Department La Princesa University Hospital, La Princesa Health Research Institute (IIS\u2010Princesa)  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (UAM)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00eda","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Department La Princesa University Hospital, La Princesa Health Research Institute (IIS\u2010Princesa)  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (UAM)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Romero\u00a0Sastre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Family and Community Medicine Residency Program, Primary Care Management Department La Princesa University Hospital, Madrid Health Service (SERMAS)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Carles\u00a0Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine La Princesa University Hospital  Madrid 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