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Plant\u2010derived compounds from\n Senecio brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n , native to the Pampa biome, offer multitarget therapeutic potential. This study evaluated the protective effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of\n \n S.\u2009brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (HESB) against CP\u2010induced toxicity in\n \n Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (Harwich strain). Adult females (3\u20135\u2009days old) were exposed for 48\u2009h to control (1% sucrose), CP (0.25\u2009ppm), HESB (1\u2009mg\/mL) or CP\u2009+\u2009HESB. CP increased mortality (37.3%\u2009\u00b1\u20096.6%;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) and impaired locomotion in the negative geotaxis (17.2\u2009\u00b1\u20093.0\u2009s;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) and footbridge (52.2\u2009\u00b1\u20095.2\u2009s) assays, decreased AChE, GST and CAT activity (\u221231.8%, \u221245.8% and \u221272.3%, respectively;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.006, 0.025 and 0.006), elevated ROS (+97.0%;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.007), nitrite (+13.1%;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.006) and TBARS (+25.6%;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.010), depleted NPSH (\u221229.2%;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.003) and PSH (\u221235.9%;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.013) and reduced cell viability (\u221217.9%;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.013). HESB co\u2010treatment attenuated all CP\u2010induced alterations, bringing parameters to control\u2010comparable values (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009>\u20090.05). These findings indicate that HESB exerts neuroprotective effects against CP toxicity through modulation of cholinergic function, attenuation of oxidative and nitrosative stress and preservation of thiol homeostasis.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.70288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T02:18:03Z","timestamp":1787537883000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuroprotective Effects of\n Senecio brasiliensis<\/i>\n Extract Against Chlorpyrifos\u2010Induced Neurotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in\n \n Drosophila melanogaster<\/i>\n <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"139","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0516-4381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Vit\u00f3ria Takemura","family":"Mariano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research \u2013 CIPBIOTEC Federal University of Pampa S\u00e3o Gabriel Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giany Gabriely Pad\u00e3o","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Biological Sciences Center Federal University of Santa Catarina Florian\u00f3polis Santa Catarina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2475-050X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Beatriz Guedes","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research \u2013 CIPBIOTEC Federal University of Pampa S\u00e3o Gabriel Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tha\u00eds","family":"de Camargo Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research \u2013 CIPBIOTEC Federal University of Pampa S\u00e3o Gabriel Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7296-945X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franklin Vinny Medina","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biotechnology, Institute of Informatics Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5411-0075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Henrique","family":"Vicenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research \u2013 CIPBIOTEC Federal University of Pampa S\u00e3o Gabriel Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Kich","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research \u2013 CIPBIOTEC Federal University of Pampa S\u00e3o Gabriel Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro Eug\u00eanio Medina","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research \u2013 CIPBIOTEC Federal University of Pampa S\u00e3o Gabriel Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biological Sciences Federal University of Santa Catarina Florian\u00f3polis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3874-8618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeferson 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