{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:49:59Z","timestamp":1791470999850,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Basic Clin Pharma Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prevalence of ADHD is increasing rapidly, and lisdexamfetamine is increasingly popular, but few studies investigate its safety. We performed a sequence symmetry analysis (SSA) using Danish register data to identify potential ADRs associated with lisdexamfetamine in 2013\u20132023. Outcomes were incident prescriptions or incident discharge diagnoses. We calculated trend\u2010adjusted sequence ratios (SR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We additionally performed two comparator SSAs for the same outcomes following incident use of stimulants (methylphenidate and dexamfetamine) or non\u2010stimulants (guanfacine and atomoxetine). This study is reported according to RECORD\u2010PE guidelines. We included 48\u2009740 incident lisdexamfetamine users with a median age of 24\u2009years (IQR 16\u201335). SRs were calculated for 1426 exposure\u2013diagnosis and 1337 exposure\u2013prescription pairs. The 50 highest SRs from each category were evaluated. Among these, 28 exposure\u2013outcome combinations had a 95% CI lower bound above 1. Of the 100 outcomes, 33 were considered known ADRs, while 60 were previously unknown. Two outcomes indicating increased urinary symptoms were identified (\u2018hematuria\u2019, SR: 1.88 [95% CI: 1.25; 2.85] and \u2018other urinary symptoms\u2019, SR: 1.63 [1.20; 2.23]). We also identified serious gastrointestinal outcomes as a potential safety alert. Further investigation into these symptoms as potential ADRs is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.70316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:54:26Z","timestamp":1791467666000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigating Potential Adverse Drug Reactions of Lisdexamfetamine Using Sequence Symmetry Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"139","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7546-7367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas Leth","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4541-3901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanne M\u00f8ller","family":"Thysen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3777-147X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Espen","family":"Jimenez\u2010Solem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Copenhagen Phase IV Unit (Phase4CPH), Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Clinical Research and Prevention Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6012-6965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Psychiatric Center Copenhagen  Frederiksberg Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8224-4601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camilla Bj\u00f8rn","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Phase IV Unit (Phase4CPH), Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Clinical Research and Prevention Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7959-1548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans Kristian","family":"R\u00e5ket","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6921-220X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merete","family":"Osler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Clinical Research and Prevention University Hospital Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1535-068X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mads","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pioneer Centre for AI, Department of Computer Science University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8651-6072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars Christian","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Research and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health Prevention University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2024.781"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Statistics Denmark \u201cFlere k\u00f8ber ADHD\u2010Medicin (More Individuals Are Buying ADHD\u2010Medication) \u201d January 6 2026 https:\/\/www.dst.dk\/da\/Statistik\/udgivelser\/NytHtml?cid=56708."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1917069"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"Danish Medicines Agency \u201cFokusrapport: 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