{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T16:15:47Z","timestamp":1783440947389,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,27]],"date-time":"2014-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Helse Fonna Local Health Authority"},{"name":"Moodnet, Haukeland University Hosspital, Western Norway Regional Health Authority"},{"name":"Western Norway Regional Health Authority","award":["911678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["911678"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bipolar Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Available pharmacological treatment of mania is insufficient. Virtual darkness therapy (blue light\u2010blocking treatment by means of orange\u2010tinted glasses) is a promising new treatment option for mania. The basis for this might be the recently identified blue light\u2010sensitive retinal photoreceptor, which is solely responsible for light stimulus to the circadian master clock. This is the first case report describing the clinical course of a closely monitored, hospitalized patient in a manic episode first receiving clear\u2010lensed, and then blue light\u2010blocking glasses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 58\u2010year\u2010old Caucasian man, with bipolar I disorder and three previous manic episodes, was hospitalized during a manic episode. In addition to pharmacological treatment, he was treated with clear\u2010lensed glasses for seven days, then one day without glasses, followed by six days of blue light\u2010blocking glasses. During the entire observational period, he wore an actigraph with internal light sensors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Manic symptoms were unaltered during the first seven days. The transition to the blue\u2010blocking regime was followed by a rapid and sustained decline in manic symptoms accompanied by a reduction in total sleep, a reduction in motor activity during sleep intervals, and markedly increased regularity of sleep intervals. The patient's total length of hospital stay was 20\u00a0days shorter than the average time during his previous manic episodes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The unusually rapid decline in symptoms, accompanied by uniform sleep parameter changes toward markedly increased regularity, suggest that blue\u2010blockers might be targeting a central mechanism in the pathophysiology of mania that needs to be explored both in clinical research and in basic science.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,27]],"date-time":"2014-09-27T06:05:23Z","timestamp":1411797923000},"page":"894-898","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Blocking blue light during mania \u2013 markedly increased regularity of sleep and rapid improvement of symptoms: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Tone EG","family":"Henriksen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Section for Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Division of Mental Health Care Valen Hospital Fonna Local Health Authority Norway and MoodNet Research Group Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Division of Psychiatry Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silje","family":"Skrede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Haukeland University Hospital\/The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) Bergen Norway"},{"name":"The K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole Bernt","family":"Fasmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Section for Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Division of Psychiatry Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"},{"name":"The K.G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00f8rge","family":"Hamre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janne","family":"Gr\u00f8nli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Medical Psychology Faculty of Psychology University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Section for Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Division of Psychiatry Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1990.01810190058008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08010098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01025.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(97)00542-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00289-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2004.00166.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-16-06405.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-007-0242-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2009.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821671a5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2006.00332.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2013.773440"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2007.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.133.5.429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420529309073889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1989.tb00421.x"}],"container-title":["Bipolar Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbdi.12265","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bdi.12265","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T09:43:18Z","timestamp":1696326198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bdi.12265"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,27]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bdi.12265"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bdi.12265","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1398-5647","1399-5618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1398-5647","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-5618","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,27]]}}}