{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T14:59:12Z","timestamp":1785337152261,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bipolar Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Converging evidence identifies that the offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content>), individuals at clinical high risk of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content>, and young people with recent onset<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content>may differ from other clinical cases or healthy controls in terms of sleep\u2013wake profiles. However, it is possible that these differences may reflect current mental state, subtype of mood disorder, or familial traits. This study aimed to determine objective and subjective sleep\u2013wake profiles in individuals aged 15\u201325\u00a0years with a current major depressive episode, in relation to familial traits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Frequency matching was employed to ensure that each individual with a confirmed family history of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+) could be compared to four controls who did not have a familial mood disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013). Pre\u2010selected objective actigraphy and subjective Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSQI<\/jats:styled-content>) ratings were compared using one\u2010way analysis of variance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ANOVA<\/jats:styled-content>) and applying the Benjamini\u2013Hochberg (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BH<\/jats:styled-content>) correction for false discoveries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample comprised 60 individuals with a mean age of 19\u00a0years. The<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ (n=12) and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013 groups (n=48) differed on three key sleep parameters: mean sleep duration on week nights (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.049), variability in waking after sleep onset (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.038), and daily disturbances (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSQI<\/jats:styled-content>dimension of sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sleep profiles we identified in this study, especially the daily disturbances phenotype, provide support for research into endophenotypes for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content>. Also, the findings may offer the opportunity for more tailored, personalized interventions that target specific components of the sleep\u2013wake cycle in individuals with a family history of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T08:42:41Z","timestamp":1479976961000},"page":"642-649","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Sleep\u2013wake cycle phenotypes in young people with familial and non\u2010familial mood disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Scott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Psychiatry Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle University Newcastle UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Naismith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles Perkins Centre Brain and Mind Centre The 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