{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:51:33Z","timestamp":1787507493079,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]],"date-time":"2017-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi-Aventis","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bipolar Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n The Bipolar Disorders: Improving Diagnosis, Guidance and Education (BRIDGE)<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n Mix<\/jats:styled-content>\n study aimed to estimate the frequency of mixed states in patients with\n a major depressive episode (MDE)<\/jats:styled-content>\n according to different definitions. The present post\u2010hoc analysis evaluated the association between obesity and the presence of mixed features and bipolarity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 2811\n MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n subjects were enrolled in a multicenter cross\u2010sectional study. In 2744 patients, the body mass index (\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) was evaluated. Psychiatric symptoms, and sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected, comparing the characteristics of\n MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients with (\n MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OB<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and without (\n MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n NOB<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) obesity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Obesity (\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u226530) was registered in 493 patients (18%). In the\n MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OB<\/jats:styled-content>\n group, 90 patients (20%) fulfilled the\n DSM<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n IV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n TR<\/jats:styled-content>\n criteria for\n bipolar disease (BD)<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 225 patients (50%) fulfilled the bipolarity specifier criteria, 59 patients (13%) fulfilled\n DSM<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 criteria for\n MDEs<\/jats:styled-content>\n with mixed features, and 226 patients (50%) fulfilled Research\u2010Based Diagnostic Criteria for an MDE. Older age, history of (hypo)manic switches during antidepressant treatment, the occurrence of three or more\n MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n s, atypical depressive features, antipsychotic treatment, female gender, depressive mixed state according to\n DSM<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20105 criteria, comorbid eating disorders, and anxiety disorders were significantly associated with\n the MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OB<\/jats:styled-content>\n group. Among (hypo)manic symptoms during the current\n MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n , psychomotor agitation, distractibility, increased energy, and risky behaviors were the variables most frequently associated with\n MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n OB<\/jats:styled-content>\n group.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n In our sample, the presence of obesity in patients with\n an MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n seemed to be associated with higher rates of bipolar spectrum disorders. These findings suggest that obesity in patients with\n an MDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n could be considered as a possible marker of bipolarity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]],"date-time":"2017-07-10T02:24:21Z","timestamp":1499653461000},"page":"458-464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Obesity in patients with major depression is related to bipolarity and mixed features: evidence from the\n BRIDGE<\/scp>\n \u2010\n II<\/scp>\n \u2010\n Mix<\/scp>\n study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Petri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Bacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa Pisa 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