{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T23:49:54Z","timestamp":1787701794281,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust\/DBT India Alliance Early Career Fellowship","award":["IA\/E\/12\/1\/500755"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IA\/E\/12\/1\/500755"]}]},{"name":"Wellcome Trust\/DBT India Alliance Research Training Fellowship","award":["IA\/RTF\/15\/1\/1009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IA\/RTF\/15\/1\/1009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bipolar Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transcranial magnetic stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010derived cortical reactivity studies provide a unique opportunity to non\u2010invasively study gamma amino butyric acid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010mediated inhibitory neurotransmission in bipolar disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content>). Earlier studies were conducted in smaller samples and on patients who were on medications that can potentially confound the results. We aimed to study short\u2010interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SICI<\/jats:styled-content>) and long\u2010interval intracortical inhibition (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LICI<\/jats:styled-content>) in medication\u2010na\u00efve\/free symptomatic (manic) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content> patients (n=39), first episode mania (FEM) patients who had recently (\u22646\u00a0months) remitted with treatment (remitted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEM<\/jats:styled-content>; n\u00a0=\u00a028) and healthy subjects (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>s; n\u00a0=\u00a045).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resting motor threshold (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RMT<\/jats:styled-content>), stimulation intensity to elicit a 1\u2010mV motor evoked potential (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SI<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>1\u00a0mV<\/jats:sub>), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SICI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LICI<\/jats:styled-content> were measured in three groups using single\u2010 and paired\u2010pulse <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Motor thresholds were higher in the manic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content> groups compared to the remitted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEM<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SICI<\/jats:styled-content> was lower (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.026) but <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LICI<\/jats:styled-content> was higher (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.044) in the manic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content> and remitted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEM<\/jats:styled-content> groups compared to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content> group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lower motor thresholds in remitted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEM<\/jats:styled-content> perhaps reflect the effect of treatment, and could be studied as potential prognostic neuromarkers. Inverse findings for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SICI<\/jats:styled-content> (reduced) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LICI<\/jats:styled-content> (increased) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BD<\/jats:styled-content> indicate a possible differential involvement of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> subreceptor systems. These could be trait markers as they are impaired in both mania and euthymia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T12:22:51Z","timestamp":1503490971000},"page":"698-703","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cortical inhibition in symptomatic and remitted mania compared to healthy subjects: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Rakshathi","family":"Basavaraju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health &amp; Neurosciences (NIMHANS)  Bengaluru Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarasingh N","family":"Sanjay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health &amp; Neurosciences (NIMHANS)  Bengaluru Karnataka 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