{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:39:00Z","timestamp":1792291140757,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007123","name":"Stanley Medical Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["REF: 03T\u2010429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REF: 03T\u2010429"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007123","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007879","name":"Tertiary Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007879","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bipolar Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The current study examines prevalence of cognitive impairment in four mood disorder samples, using four definitions of impairment. The impact of premorbid\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      on prevalence was examined, and the influence of treatment response.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Samples were: (i) 58 inpatients in a current severe depressive episode (unipolar or bipolar), (ii) 69 unmedicated outpatients in a mild to moderate depressive episode (unipolar or bipolar), (iii) 56 outpatients with bipolar disorder, in a depressive episode, and (iv) 63 outpatients with bipolar disorder, currently euthymic. Cognitive assessment was conducted after treatment in Studies 1 (6\u00a0weeks of antidepressant treatment commenced on admission) and 2 (16\u2010week course of cognitive behaviour therapy or schema therapy), allowing the impact of treatment response to be assessed. All mood disorder samples were compared with healthy control groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of cognitive impairment was highest for the inpatient depression sample (Study 1), and lowest for the outpatient depression sample (Study 2). Substantial variability in rates was observed depending on the definition of impairment used. Correcting cognitive performance for premorbid\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      had a significant impact on the prevalence of cognitive impairment in the inpatient depression sample. There was minimal evidence that treatment response impacted on prevalence of cognitive impairment, except in the domain of psychomotor speed in inpatients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      As interventions aiming to improve cognitive outcomes in mood disorders receive increasing research focus, the issue of setting a cut\u2010off level of cognitive impairment for screening purposes becomes a priority. This analysis demonstrates important differences in samples likely to be recruited depending on the definition of cognitive impairment and begins to examine the importance of premorbid\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in determining who is impaired.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T04:13:59Z","timestamp":1516248839000},"page":"260-274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["Prevalence of cognitive impairment in major depression and bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5344-2959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie M","family":"Douglas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine University of Otago  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience University of Newcastle  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy J","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience University of Newcastle  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet D","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Canterbury  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia VW","family":"McIntosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Canterbury  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher MA","family":"Frampton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine University of Otago  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience University of Newcastle  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan H","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"South London &amp; Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I Nicol","family":"Ferrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience University of Newcastle  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine University of Otago  Christchurch New Zealand"},{"name":"Clinical Research Unit Canterbury District Health Board  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00048670903279887"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670601109881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/act002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01762.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170800411X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001907"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)00012-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.06.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0712"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2016.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2016.09.641"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12534"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080713"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867412451502"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.05.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.186.1.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12535"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.15.3.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV Axis I Disorders \u2013 Patient Edition (SCID\u2010I\/P, Version 2.0, 8\/98 revision)","author":"First MB","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.134.4.382"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.133.5.429"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini\u2010International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM\u2010IV and ICD\u201010","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan DV","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.06.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","volume-title":"SPSS Statistics for Windows","author":"Coorporation I","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.10.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.07.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","volume-title":"National Adult Reading Test, NART","author":"Nelson HE","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-017-0079-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.52.4.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4192"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb04785.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/12.8.711","article-title":"Methods of estimating premorbid functioning","volume":"12","author":"Franzen MD","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2336126100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m10480"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867416678079"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702614536160"}],"container-title":["Bipolar Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbdi.12602","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bdi.12602","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T15:37:49Z","timestamp":1695483469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bdi.12602"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bdi.12602"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bdi.12602","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1398-5647","1399-5618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1398-5647","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-5618","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]]}}}