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BD remains frequently under\u2010 or misdiagnosed, and under\u2010 or mistreated, often for years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed the predictive value of precursors and prodromes of BD. We assessed precursors of first\u2010lifetime manic or hypomanic episodes with\/without mixed features in retrospective and prospective studies. The task force evaluated and summarized separately assessments of familial risk, premorbid personality traits, retrospective, and prospective studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cyclothymic features, a family history of BD, retrospectively reported attenuated manic symptoms, prospectively identified subthreshold symptoms of hypomania, recurrence of depression, panic anxiety and psychotic features, have been identified as clinical precursors of BD. The prodromal symptoms like [hypo]mania often appears to be long enough to encourage early identification and timely intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The predictive value of any risk factor identified remains largely unknown. Prospective controlled studies are urgently needed for prevention and effective treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T19:48:05Z","timestamp":1567540085000},"page":"720-740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["An International Society of Bipolar Disorders task force report: Precursors and prodromes of bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6197-0543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianni L.","family":"Faedda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood Disorders Center New York NY USA"},{"name":"International Consortium for Mood and Psychotic Disorders Research McLean Hospital Belmont MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross J.","family":"Baldessarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Consortium for Mood and Psychotic Disorders Research McLean Hospital Belmont MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Mailman Research Center McLean Hospital Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciro","family":"Marangoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry\u2014District 3 ULSS 9 Scaligera Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Bechdolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Cologne Cologne Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Vivantes Hospital am Urban and Vivantes Hospital im Friedrichschain Charite Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5554-6946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Berk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMPACT Strategic Research Centre University Hospital Geelong Barwon Health Deakin University Geelong VIC Australia"},{"name":"Orygen The National Center of Excellence in Youth Mental Health Parkville VIC Australia"},{"name":"The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Birmaher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5832-1910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Conus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP) D\u00e9partement de Psychiatrie CHUV Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa P.","family":"DelBello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5895-075X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne C.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Student Wellness Services Queen\u2019s University Kingston ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manon H. 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