{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:45:12Z","timestamp":1787013912524,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The proposed Enhanced Games have become a convenient stage for bioethical sermonising about risk, authenticity, and the \u201cspirit of sport\u201d. This is epitomized by a recent article arguing that institutionalizing pharmacological enhancement under the \u201cpretence of medical supervision and personal autonomy\u201d would redefine human excellence in \u201cpurely biochemical terms\u201d, erode ethical norms, normalize doping, and burden public health systems. The present paper offers a two\u2010level response. First, I criticise the argument on its merits. Its central claims rely on rhetorical inflation, false dichotomies, and circular appeals to unspecified ethical norms. The risk argument is selectively paternalistic, treating pharmacological risk as uniquely disqualifying while ignoring the substantial and well\u2010documented risks that elite and even mass\u2010participation sport already normalizes. The treatment of autonomy is reduced to assertions rather than argument; the depiction of medical supervision as mere \u201cpretence\u201d is offered without evidence, despite public\u2010facing claims by Enhanced Games proponents that they seek clinically supervised enhancement. Second, and more seriously, I turn my attention to an audit of the target article's scholarship. Multiple citations in Demas's article appear to be bibliographic fictions presented as high\u2010profile clinical evidence on performance\u2010enhancing drugs. Even when genuine sources are cited, they are invoked for conclusions that those sources do not sustain. This is a serious breakdown of the minimal contract between author, reviewer, and reader, one that demands that cited evidence exists and supports the claims made.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bioe.70099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T14:40:23Z","timestamp":1773931223000},"page":"365-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Against Moral Panic and Citation Fiction: A Critique of \u201cPanem, Corticoids and Circenses\u201d and a Proposal for Editorial Gatekeeping on Reference Integrity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Ognjen","family":"Arandjelovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of St Andrews, North Haugh St Andrews UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Enhanced Games \u201cMedically\u2010Supervised Human Enhancement \u201d published 2025 https:\/\/www.enhanced.com\/science."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jme-2025-111085"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.2004.00298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v28.i26.3071"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (US) \u201cLiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug\u2010Induced Liver Injury\u201d (2012) https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK548931\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12970-017-0173-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2013-1058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099193"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"1867","article-title":"American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. The Female Athlete Triad","volume":"39","author":"Nattiv A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262301"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Principles of Biomedical Ethics","author":"Beauchamp T. L.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6939-8-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) \u201cFalsified References \u201d published 2010 https:\/\/publicationethics.org\/guidance\/case\/falsified-references."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) \u201cRecommendations for the Conduct Reporting Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals \u201d published 2025 https:\/\/www.icmje.org\/icmje-recommendations.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1683"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcpc1410936"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32534-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13986"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-322949"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11593170-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11593180-000000000-00000"}],"container-title":["Bioethics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bioe.70099","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bioe.70099","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bioe.70099","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T09:40:12Z","timestamp":1775727612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bioe.70099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bioe.70099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bioe.70099","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-9702","1467-8519"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-9702","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-8519","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}