{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T03:57:20Z","timestamp":1790135840528,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,21]],"date-time":"2015-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HS 020263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HS 020263"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recurrent event data arise frequently in longitudinal medical studies. In many situations, there are a large portion of subjects without any recurrent events, manifesting the \u201czero-inflated\u201d nature of the data. Some of the zero events may be \u201cstructural zeros\u201d as patients are unsusceptible to recurrent events, while others are \u201crandom zeros\u201d due to censoring before any recurrent events. On the other hand, there often exists a terminal event which may be correlated with the recurrent events. In this article, we propose two joint frailty models for zero-inflated recurrent events in the presence of a terminal event, combining a logistic model for \u201cstructural zero\u201d status (Yes\/No) and a joint frailty proportional hazards model for recurrent and terminal event times. The models can be fitted conveniently in SAS Proc NLMIXED. We apply the methods to model recurrent opportunistic diseases in the presence of death in an AIDS study, and tumor recurrences and a terminal event in a sarcoma study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.12376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,21]],"date-time":"2015-08-21T16:12:06Z","timestamp":1440173526000},"page":"204-214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Joint Frailty Models for Zero-Inflated Recurrent Events in the Presence of a Terminal Event"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611 , U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuelin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas , Houston, Texas 77030 , U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Yaroshinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vital Systems Inc. , Rolling Meadows, Illinois 60008 , U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice N.","family":"Cormier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, M. D. 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