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Follow\u2010up included validated measures of intimate partner abuse at 1 and 4\u00a0years (Composite Abuse Scale) and child emotional and behavioral difficulties at 4\u00a0years (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine percent of mothers reported partner abuse in the first 4\u00a0years postpartum: 20 percent reported abuse in the first year and 21 percent at 4\u00a0years; 12 percent of mothers reported abuse at both time points. Children of mothers reporting abuse at both times were more likely to experience emotional and\/or behavioral difficulties at age 4, compared to children of mothers not reporting abuse, after adjusting for maternal depressive symptoms, relationship transitions and other social characteristics (Adj. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a02.6 [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.2\u20135.5]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intimate partner abuse impacted the lives of one in four children. Children of mothers reporting abuse at both time points were at most risk of emotional\/behavioral difficulties. The case for early intervention to reduce the impact of intimate partner abuse on women's and children's lives is compelling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,4]],"date-time":"2014-07-04T08:12:48Z","timestamp":1404461568000},"page":"374-383","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["The Case for Early Intervention to Reduce the Impact of Intimate Partner Abuse on Child Outcomes: Results of an Australian Cohort of First\u2010Time Mothers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Deirdre","family":"Gartland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Mothers Healthy Families Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Woolhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Mothers Healthy Families Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona K.","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelsey","family":"Hegarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Practice and Primary Care Academic Centre The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harriet","family":"Hiscock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia"},{"name":"Community Child Health Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie J.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Mothers Healthy Families Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Melbourne Vic. 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