{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T00:13:04Z","timestamp":1790381584530,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,15]],"date-time":"2015-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Normal progress of labor is a subject for discussion among professionals. The aim of this study was to assess the duration of labor in women with a planned home birth and spontaneous onset who gave birth at home or in hospital after transfer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a population\u2010based study of home births in four Nordic countries (Denmark, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden). All midwives assisting at a home birth from 2008 to 2013 were asked to provide information about home births using a questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Birth data from 1,612 women, from Denmark (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01,170), Norway (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0263), Sweden (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0138), and Iceland (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a041) were included. The total median duration from onset of labor until the birth of the baby was approximately 14\u00a0hours for primiparas and 7.25\u00a0hours for multiparas. The duration of the different phases varied between countries. Blood loss more than 1,000\u00a0mL and perineal ruptures that needed suturing were associated with a longer pushing phase and the latter with country of residence, parity, single status, and the baby's weight.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this population of healthy women with a low prevalence of interventions, the total duration of labor was fairly similar to what is described in the literature for multiparas, but longer for primiparas. Although the duration of the phases of labor differed among countries, it was to a minor extent associated with severe outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,15]],"date-time":"2015-10-15T13:53:45Z","timestamp":1444917225000},"page":"346-353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["How Long Is a Normal Labor? Contemporary Patterns of Labor and Birth in a Low\u2010Risk Sample of 1,612 Women from Four Nordic\u00a0Countries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ingegerd","family":"Hildingsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Mid Sweden University Sundsvall Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Blix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences Research Group: Maternal, Reproductive and Children's Health Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Akershus University College of Applied Sciences Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanne","family":"Hegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Unit Women's and Children's Health The Juliane Marie Centre for Women Children and Reproduction Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anette","family":"Huitfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Clinical Genetics Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Ingversen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Region Sealand Homebirth Association Sor\u00f8 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d3lof \u00c1sta","family":"\u00d3lafsd\u00f3tt\u00edr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing Department of Midwifery University of Iceland Reykjav\u00edk Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Lindgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Division of Reproductive Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Health and Care Science Sahlgrenska Akademin University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.06.058","article-title":"Does length of labour vary by maternal age?","volume":"197","author":"Greenberg MB","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182a9c92c"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with a prolonged second stage of labour","volume":"102","author":"Myles TD","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"e301","article-title":"Cesarean delivery outcomes after a prolonged second stage of labour","volume":"197","author":"Sung JF","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181fdef6e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01443610903276417"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2010.531313"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318236fbd1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181a722d6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000154889.47063.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"Mayes' Midwifery. 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