{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T23:27:03Z","timestamp":1783639623492,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]],"date-time":"2017-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007305","name":"Maternal and Child Health Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R40MC26810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R40MC26810"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007305","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is little agreement on who is a good candidate for community (home or birth center) birth in the United States.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on n=47\u00a0394 midwife\u2010attended, planned community births come from the Midwives Alliance of North America Statistics Project. Logistic regression quantified the independent contribution of 10 risk factors to maternal and neonatal outcomes. Risk factors included: primiparity, advanced maternal age, obesity, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, postterm pregnancy, twins, breech presentation, history of cesarean and vaginal birth, and history of cesarean without history of vaginal birth. Models controlled additionally for Medicaid, race\/ethnicity, and education.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The independent contributions of maternal age and obesity were quite modest, with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) less than 2.0 for all outcomes: hospital transfer, cesarean, perineal trauma, postpartum hemorrhage, low\/very\u2010low Apgar, maternal or neonatal hospitalization, NICU admission, and fetal\/neonatal death. Breech was strongly associated with morbidity and fetal\/neonatal mortality (AOR 8.2, 95% CI, 3.7\u201018.4). Women with a history of both cesarean and vaginal birth fared better than primiparas across all outcomes; however, women with a history of cesarean but no prior vaginal births had poor outcomes, most notably fetal\/neonatal demise (AOR 10.4, 95% CI, 4.8\u201022.6). Cesarean births were most common in the breech (44.7%), preeclampsia (30.6%), history of cesarean without vaginal birth (22.1%), and primipara (11.0%) groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The outcomes of labor after cesarean in women with previous vaginal deliveries indicates that guidelines uniformly prohibiting labor after cesarean should be reconsidered for this subgroup. Breech presentation has the highest rate of adverse outcomes supporting management of vaginal breech labor in a hospital setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,24]],"date-time":"2017-03-24T00:47:36Z","timestamp":1490316456000},"page":"209-221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Perspectives on risk: Assessment of risk profiles and outcomes among women planning community birth in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2139-0549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marit L.","family":"Bovbjerg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Program College of Public Health and Human Sciences Oregon State University  Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Cheyney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology Oregon State University  Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of California  Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim J.","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing University of New Mexico  Albuquerque NM USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence","family":"Leeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of New Mexico  Albuquerque NM USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Lying\u2010In: A History of Childbirth in America","author":"Wertz RW","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12228"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02175.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d7400"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2009.00322.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.081869"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2010.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"Medicines for the Year 2000","author":"Cochrane AL","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"Evidence\u2010based perinatal and paediatric health care: The contribution of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Canadian Cochrane Network and Centre","volume":"7","author":"Ohlsson A","year":"2002","journal-title":"Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"AlexanderS BlondelB Bouvier\u2010ColleMH et\u00a0al.European Perinatal Health Report: Health and Care of Pregnant Women and Babies in Europe in 2010. 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