{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T19:53:07Z","timestamp":1787946787213,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stillbirth, the death of a baby before birth, is associated with significant psychological and social consequences that can be mitigated by respectful and supportive bereavement care. The absence of high\u2010level evidence to support the broad scope of perinatal bereavement practices means that offering a range of options identified as valued by parents has become an important indicator of care quality. This study aimed to describe bereavement care practices offered to parents across different high\u2010income and middle\u2010income countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An online survey of parents of stillborn babies was conducted between December 2014 and February 2015. Frequencies of nine practices were compared between high\u2010income and middle\u2010income countries. Differences in proportions of reported practices and their associated odds ratios were calculated to compare high\u2010income and middle\u2010income countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over three thousand parents (3041) with a self\u2010reported stillbirth in the preceding five years from 40 countries responded. Fifteen countries had atleast 40 responses. Significant differences in the prevalence of offering nine bereavement care practices were reported by women in high\u2010income countries (HICs) compared with women in middle\u2010income countries (MICs). All nine practices were reported to occur significantly more frequently by women in HICs, including opportunity to see and hold their baby (OR\u00a0=\u00a04.8, 95% CI 4.0\u20105.9). The widespread occurrence of all nine practices was reported only for The Netherlands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bereavement care after stillbirth varies between countries. Future research should look at why these differences occur, their impact on parents, and whether differences should be addressed, particularly how to support effective communication, decision\u2010making, and follow\u2010up care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T06:14:50Z","timestamp":1616134490000},"page":"366-374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Parents\u2019 experiences of care offered after stillbirth: An international online survey of high and middle\u2010income countries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7594-7694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dell","family":"Horey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science, Health and Engineering La Trobe University  Bundoora Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1665-2137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frances M.","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Science Research The University of Queensland  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Cassidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asociaci\u00f3n Umamanita  Girona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8475-9919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul Richard","family":"Cassidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Complutense Madrid  Santa Cruz de Tenerife Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Jaap H. M.","family":"Erwich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Adverse Incidents Committee UMCG (CCP)  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6348-0054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mechthild M.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Midwifery Research and Education Unit Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology &amp; Reproductive Medicine Hannover Medical School  Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4303-7845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander E. P.","family":"Heazell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biological, Obstetrics, Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre School of Medical Sciences, Medical and Health University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susannah Hopkins","family":"Leisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Stillbirth Alliance  Millburn NJ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9979-9462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery University College Cork  Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7219-5359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Ravaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PeaRL Perinatal Research Laboratory University of Florence  Prato Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1078-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Siassakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Women\u2019s Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Storey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Stillbirth Alliance  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5259-2026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo","family":"Vannacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology and Toxicology PeaRL Perinatal Research Laboratory University of Florence  Firenze Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8099-6087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleena","family":"Wojcieszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth  South Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8114-7677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicki","family":"Flenady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth  South Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00836-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01020-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-684X-3-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12176"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008616"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646838.2015.1035234"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Parents' experience of the care they received following a stillbirth: a literature review","volume":"14","author":"Coffey H","year":"2016","journal-title":"Evid Based Midwifery"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1509-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-015-0063-3"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"CD000452","article-title":"Support for mothers, fathers and families after perinatal death","author":"Koopmans L","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2015.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"Tommy's. 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