{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:49:23Z","timestamp":1784260163606,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim was to investigate: (a) whether there is an association between the maternal double burden of overweight and short stature and the risk of cesarean delivery and (b) whether socioeconomic status (SES) acts as a moderator in the association between the maternal double burden of overweight and short stature and the risk of cesarean birth (CB).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data for this study were obtained from the nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey databases of five South Asian countries. The analyses were based on responses from married women between 15 and 49\u00a0years of age. The risk of CB was the primary outcome, while the maternal double burden of overweight and short stature (coexistence of overweight and short stature) was the exposure of interest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal double burden of overweight and short stature was significantly associated with 179% higher likelihood of undergoing CB in South Asia (SA), with 304%, 200%, 167%, 155%, and 125% higher likelihood of undergoing CB in Nepal, Pakistan, India, Maldives, and Bangladesh, respectively. Findings also demonstrated that mothers belonging to low SES groups with a double overweight and short stature burden were not uniquely disadvantaged.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant marker in SA of higher risk of CB is the maternal double burden of overweight and short stature. The negative effect of the maternal double burden of overweight and short stature extends across all economic backgrounds in relation to the risk of CB. It is not limited to poor mothers who suffer from the double burden of overweight and short stature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T06:23:49Z","timestamp":1648621429000},"page":"661-674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The double burden of maternal overweight and short stature and the likelihood of cesarean deliveries in South Asia: An analysis of national datasets from Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, and Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1938-1910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mosiur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development University of Rajshahi  Rajshahi Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Emdadul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Training UChicago Research Bangladesh  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Jahirul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Griffith Criminology Institute Griffith University  Mount Gravatt Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Skills for Employment Investment Program Ministry of Finance  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Huu","family":"Chau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hue University  Hue Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izzeldin Fadl","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health University of Khartoum  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Nuruzzaman","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development University of Rajshahi  Rajshahi Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Recommendations Non\u2010clinical Interventions to Reduce Unnecessary Caesarean Sections","author":"WHO","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002494"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"Statement on Caesarean Section Rates","author":"WHO","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148343"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229906"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","volume-title":"National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. 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