{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T01:21:03Z","timestamp":1788484863099,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In perinatal care, obstetric violence and birth trauma are two distinct yet often conflated concepts. This confusion can obscure the specific harms of obstetric violence, as its impact is frequently subsumed under the broader idea of birth trauma, leading to underreporting of obstetric violence. Simultaneous concept analysis is used to clarify two related concepts by comparing their unique elements and identifying overlaps.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of both the concepts and to identify their intersections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive search across PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and ProQuest yielded 98 articles on obstetric violence and 62 on birth trauma. Thematic analysis of antecedents, attributes, and outcomes informed a comparative validity matrix.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obstetric violence and birth trauma have different causes and characteristics but lead to similar outcomes. Birth trauma arises from experiences like fear or unmet expectations, while obstetric violence involves abuse by providers and systemic failures. Both result in emotional distress, anxiety, and fear of future childbirth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Existing literature uses the term \u201cbirth trauma\u201d as a euphemism for what is essentially obstetric violence. Considering the conceptual confusion between the subjective trauma arising from childbirth experiences and the trauma specifically resulting from abuse by healthcare providers, we are suggesting a new term, \u201cObstetric Trauma\u201d This would specifically indicate the structural and institutional consequences of obstetric violence on women. It would also help guide targeted interventions, policy changes, and support systems aimed at preventing obstetric violence and promoting respectful maternity care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.70019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T08:43:38Z","timestamp":1757666618000},"page":"276-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Simultaneous Concept Analysis to Provide Clarity Between Obstetric Violence and Birth Trauma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7425-5848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kripalini","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Newcastle  Callaghan New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liz","family":"Newnham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Newcastle  Callaghan New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences Flinders University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrine","family":"Gillett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Newcastle  Callaghan New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0626-3365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison","family":"Cummins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Newcastle  Callaghan New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"WHO \u201cNew Evidence Shows Significant Mistreatment of Women During Childbirth\u201d https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/09\u201010\u20102019\u2010new\u2010evidence\u2010shows\u2010significant\u2010mistreatment\u2010of\u2010women\u2010during\u2010childbirth."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0959353517692607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884\u2010022\u201004407\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"Union Nations General Assembly \u201cA Human Rights\u2010Based Approach to Mistreatment and Violence Against Women in Reproductive Health Services with a Focus on Childbirth and Obstetric Violence 74th Session on Advancement of Women. 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