{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T10:47:59Z","timestamp":1792147679131,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Childbirth is one of the most significant experiences in a woman's life, shaped by personal, healthcare, and cultural factors. It is widely recognized as a key indicator of obstetric care quality and woman\u2010centered approaches. This study aimed to compare childbirth experiences between women from predominantly Muslim and Christian sociocultural contexts and to assess the independent influence of culture after adjusting for relevant factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional observational study was conducted with 291 postpartum women in two public hospitals in southern Spain (April 2024\u2013June 2025). Childbirth experience was measured using the Spanish version of the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire. Sociodemographic, obstetric, educational, and support variables were collected. A multivariate binary logistic regression model identified factors associated with a positive childbirth experience.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Women from Muslim sociocultural contexts reported lower mean scores (65.17) than those from Christian contexts (68.62;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). However, culture was not independently associated with childbirth experience in multivariate analysis. Attendance at childbirth education classes (OR\u2009=\u20092.29;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) and continuous support during labor (OR\u2009=\u20099.1\u201313.6;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) were linked to more positive experiences. Elective caesarean section (OR\u2009=\u20090.16;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01), epidural anesthesia (OR\u2009=\u20090.04;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01), and obstetric sutures were associated with less favorable experiences.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differences between cultural contexts appear mediated by social, obstetric, and care\u2010related factors rather than culture itself. Enhancing access to maternal education, continuous support, and respectful, culturally sensitive care may improve childbirth experiences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.70137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T10:11:57Z","timestamp":1792145517000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Influence of Culture on the Childbirth Experience: A Comparative Study of Women From Muslim and Christian Backgrounds"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Dolores","family":"V\u00e1zquez\u2010Lara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Menendez Tolosa Health Center  Algeciras Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3270-8882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta University of Granada  Ceuta Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2811-7423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Aguilera\u2010Abad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Septem Clinic  Ceuta Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4056-9527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azahara","family":"Ruger\u2010Navarrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta University of Granada  Ceuta Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9235-7191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciano","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta University of Granada  Ceuta Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Riesco\u2010Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Punta de Europa University Hospital  Algeciras Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Ant\u00fanez\u2010Calvente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital  Badalona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9053-7730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan G\u00f3mez","family":"Salgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences University of Huelva  Huelva Spain"},{"name":"Universidad de Especialidades Esp\u00edritu Santo  Guayaquil Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4116-6149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juana Mar\u00eda","family":"V\u00e1zquez\u2010Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta University of Granada  Ceuta Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"I. M.Rodr\u00edguez A. M.Garc\u00eda J. R.Dur\u00e1n C. L.Miranda andE.Delgado \u201cEstudio Comparativo de la Satisfacci\u00f3n de las mujeres que tuvieron un parto en el agua y un parto Convencional\u201d."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-07894-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2016.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e41955"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0299151"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Satisfacci\u00f3n de la mujer acompa\u00f1ada de su pareja durante el proceso de parto en el Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo","volume":"10","author":"Aranda Garc\u00eda A. M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biblioteca Lascasas"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","volume-title":"WHO Recommendations: Intrapartum Care for a Positive Childbirth Experience","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","volume-title":"WHO Recommendations on Maternal and Newborn Care for a Positive Postnatal Experience","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18332\/ejm\/191895"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30386-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume-title":"Standards for Improving Quality of Maternal and Newborn Care in Health Facilities","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-07269-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-017-0729-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.60115\/11055\/1306"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12093"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17267\/2317-3394rpds.2022.e4464"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1100-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S1726-569X2019000200225"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.18290"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.srhc.2023.100827"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Expectativas e viv\u00eancias no processo de parto: interacionismo simb\u00f3lico","volume":"20","author":"Lopes M. R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31052\/1853.1180.v22.n1.18622"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaceta.2020.11.004"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","article-title":"Factors Associated With Childbirth Experience in Spanish Women: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study","volume":"19","author":"Mart\u00ednez Herreros M. C.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18041\/1794-5232\/cultrua.2018v15n1.5068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12090869"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001476"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-05173-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.86540"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42506\u2010026\u201000225\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2020.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","volume-title":"Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity","author":"UNESCO","year":"2001"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","first-page":"834","article-title":"Culture, moral experience and medicine","volume":"73","author":"Kleinman A.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","volume-title":"Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor","author":"Farmer P.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-10-81"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274949"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2024-016745"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","article-title":"Adapta\u2010ci\u00f3n cultural, validaci\u00f3n y evaluaci\u00f3n de las propiedades psicom\u00e9tricas del cuestionario de experiencia del parto versi\u00f3n 2.0 en el contexto espa\u00f1ol","volume":"24","author":"Mach\u00edn\u2010Mart\u00edn E.","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-07348-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2022.103429"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0730-7659.2004.00287.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Autonom\u00eda, heteronom\u00eda y vulnerabilidad en el proceso de parto","volume":"6","author":"Goberna Tricas J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"ENE Revista de Enfermer\u00eda"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-05575-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10040725"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003766.pub6"},{"issue":"49","key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","first-page":"324","article-title":"Expectativas de parto de las gestantes de La Ribera: una aproximaci\u00f3n cualitativa","volume":"17","author":"Camacho Morell F.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Enfermer\u00eda Global"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11030297"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-75262018000600586"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-020-01048-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18332\/ejm\/200747"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-019-0826-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","volume-title":"Acompa\u00f1amiento en el parto: inequidades y desigualdad","author":"Pan American Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0289394"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2561-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12634"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2018.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaceta.2018.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12738"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2007.07.010"}],"container-title":["Birth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/birt.70137","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/birt.70137","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/birt.70137","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T10:12:00Z","timestamp":1792145520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/birt.70137"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/birt.70137"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/birt.70137","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-7659","1523-536X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0730-7659","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-536X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"birt.70137"}}