{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T01:46:50Z","timestamp":1791424010178,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Betsi Caldwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) Charitable Funds"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009250","name":"National Institute for Social Care and Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HS\/09\/004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HS\/09\/004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009250","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British J Clinic Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable illness, with a positive family history robustly predictive of its onset. It follows that studying biological children of parents with bipolar disorder may provide information about developmental pathways to the disorder. Moreover, such studies may serve as a useful test of theories that attribute a causal role in the development of mood disorders to psychological processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psychological style (including self\u2010esteem, coping style with depression, domain\u2010specific risk\u2010taking, sensation\u2010seeking, sensitivity to reward and punishment, and hypomanic personality and cognition) was assessed in 30 offspring of bipolar parents and 30 children of well parents. Parents of both child groups completed identical assessments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although expected differences between parents with bipolar disorder and well parents were detected (such as low self\u2010esteem, increased rumination, high sensitivity to reward and punishment), offspring of bipolar parents were, as a group, not significantly different from well offspring, apart from a modest trend towards lower adaptive coping. When divided into affected and non\u2010affected subgroups, both groups of index children showed lower novelty\u2010seeking. Only\n                      <jats:italic>affected<\/jats:italic>\n                      index children showed lower self\u2010esteem, increased rumination, sensitivity to punishment, and hypomanic cognitions. Notably, these processes were associated with symptoms of depression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Psychological abnormalities in index offspring were associated with having met diagnostic criteria for psychiatric illnesses and the presence of mood symptoms, rather than\n                      <jats:italic>preceding<\/jats:italic>\n                      them. Implications of the present findings for our understanding of the development of bipolar disorder, as well as for informing early interventions, are discussed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practitioner points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Decreased active coping and seeking for novel stimuli might be one of first psychological indications relevant to the future development of mood disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Psychological abnormalities typical for individuals with mood disorders were present only in already affected offspring of parents with bipolar disorder.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Limitations of the study<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional study; longitudinal design would greatly enhance our understanding of the association between psychological processes and symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The sample size in this study was modest.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T08:38:41Z","timestamp":1398069521000},"page":"386-401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Cognitive vulnerability to bipolar disorder in offspring of parents with bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Hana","family":"Pavlickova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Bangor University Bangor UK"},{"name":"Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry Queen Mary University of London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Turnbull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Bangor University Bangor UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Bentall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences Institute of Psychology, Health and Society University of Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0889-8391.13.1.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"Psychopathology in the children of parents with bipolar mood disorder","volume":"12","author":"Akdemir D.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191\u20108869(94)90165\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100447.1979.tb04484.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"Depression: Clinical, experimental and theoretical aspects","author":"Beck A. 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