{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T04:56:24Z","timestamp":1787806584453,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,13]],"date-time":"2015-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British J Clinic Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n Chronic pain (\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; >3\u00a0months) is a common condition that is associated with significant psychological problems. Many people with\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n do not fit into discrete diagnostic categories, limiting the applicability of research that is specific to a particular pain diagnosis. This meta\u2010analysis synthesized the large extant literature from a general\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n , rather than diagnosis\u2010specific, perspective to systematically identify and compare the psychological problems most commonly associated with\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Four databases were searched from inception to\n D<\/jats:styled-content>\n ecember 2013 (PsychINFO, The Cochrane Library,\n S<\/jats:styled-content>\n copus, and\n P<\/jats:styled-content>\n ub\n M<\/jats:styled-content>\n ed) for studies comparing the psychological functioning of adults with\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n to healthy controls. Data from 110 studies were meta\u2010analysed and\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n ohen's\n d<\/jats:italic>\n effect sizes calculated.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n group reported experiencing significant problems in a range of psychological domains (depression, anxiety, somatization, anger\/hostility, self\u2010efficacy, self\u2010esteem and general emotional functioning), with the largest effects observed for pain anxiety\/concern and somatization; followed by anxiety and self\u2010efficacy; and then depression, anger\/hostility, self\u2010esteem and general emotional functioning.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n This study demonstrates, for the first time, that individuals with\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n are more likely to experience physically focussed psychological problems than other psychological problems and that, unlike self\u2010efficacy, fear of pain is intrinsically tied to the\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n experience. This challenges the prevailing view that, for individuals with\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n , problems with depression are either equal to, or greater than, problems with anxiety, thereby providing important information to guide therapeutic targets.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Practitioner points<\/jats:title>\n Positive clinical implications<\/jats:p>\n \n \n \n \n This is the first time that the\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n literature has been synthesized from a general perspective to examine psychological functioning in the presence of\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n and provide practical recommendations for assessment and therapy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Individuals with\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n were most likely to experience psychological problems in physically focussed areas \u2013 namely pain anxiety\/concern and somatization.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Although fear of pain was intrinsically tied to the\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n experience, self\u2010efficacy was not.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n was more strongly associated with anxiety than with depression.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n Limitations<\/jats:p>\n \n \n \n \n The study focuses on the general\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n literature, adults and research\u2010utilizing self\u2010report measures.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Meta\u2010analyses are limited by the empirical literature on which they are based.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,13]],"date-time":"2015-03-13T09:56:47Z","timestamp":1426240607000},"page":"345-360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":216,"title":["Psychological functioning of people living with chronic pain: A meta\u2010analytic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Anne L. 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