{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:33:32Z","timestamp":1791844412039,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,14]],"date-time":"2015-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British J Clinic Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Research has suggested that patients suffering from major depressive disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) experience deficits in the related domains of social cognition and metacognition. Most research has focused on detecting deficits among persons who are acutely symptomatic. Thus, little is known about whether these deficits persist after symptoms have remitted. As a first, this study investigated social cognitive and metacognitive deficits in patients with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in the acute and remitted state.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longitudinal case\u2013control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty\u2010four drug\u2010na\u00efve depressed patients and an equal number of matched healthy controls were assessed in multiple domains of social cognition including theory of mind, social perception, and metacognition. Additionally, a comprehensive neurocognitive (non\u2010social) test battery was utilized. Following baseline assessment, patients were enrolled in an outpatient treatment programme. Patients reaching remission within 6\u00a0months (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a029) were reassessed 6\u00a0months post\u2010remission. Included for analysis were only patients who followed a course of remission (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a029) and their paired healthy controls (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a029).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analyses of variance revealed that remitted patients performed significantly better at retest than at baseline on nearly all measures. These effects withstood adjusting for test\u2013retest effects. Moreover, remitted patients performed up to level of healthy controls on some but not all social cognitive tasks and metacognition at retest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, results suggests that social cognitive and metacognitive ability may improve with symptom remission in major depression although it may not reach a level equal to persons who have never experienced depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practitioner points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Many with first\u2010episode depression experience deficits in social cognition.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>When first\u2010episode depression remits, social cognition may improve.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>After remission, first\u2010episode depressed patients may still experience deficits in social cognition.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We have yet to determine whether social cognitive deficits existed prior to the onset of depression.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Longer\u2010term longitudinal studies of social cognition in depression are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Treatment was pharmacological and non\u2010manualized psychotherapy, the effects of which were not controlled for.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Sample sizes were modest, which must caution against generalization of the results.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,14]],"date-time":"2015-11-14T03:19:17Z","timestamp":1447471157000},"page":"269-286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The course of social cognitive and metacognitive ability in depression: Deficit are only partially normalized after full remission of first episode major depression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7404-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolai","family":"Ladegaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Affective Disorders Q, Mood Disorders Research Unit Risskov Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poul","family":"Videbech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Psychiatric Research Aarhus University Hospital Risskov Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul H.","family":"Lysaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roudebush VA Medical Center Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik R.","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Affective Disorders Q, Mood Disorders 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