{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:03:50Z","timestamp":1780077830631,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007566","name":"City, University of London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007566","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Clinic Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Narcissistic personality disorder as captured in categorical diagnostic systems (e.g., DSM\u20105) emphasizes grandiose features more associated with masculine norms and under\u2010emphasizes vulnerable features more associated with femininity. This poses significant implications in diagnostic outcome and clinical treatment in women with narcissistic preoccupations. Research finds that clinicians using the DSM\u20105 categorical system tend to diagnose vulnerable narcissism in women as other \u2018feminized\u2019 personality disorders (e.g., borderline), but no research has explored gender differences in narcissism using the new ICD\u201011 dimensional framework for personality disorders. This study investigated the clinical utility of the ICD\u201011 approach in capturing gender differences in narcissistic presentations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adopting an online vignette\u2010based study, mental health clinicians (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009157; 71.3% female) completed ratings of ICD\u201011 personality disorder severity and trait domains for two cases reflecting \u2018grandiose\u2019 and \u2018vulnerable\u2019 narcissism in hypothetical male or female patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results showed that ratings of core impairments in personality functioning and overall severity were consistent irrespective of patient or clinician gender, contrasting prior research using categorical models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While some differences were observed in trait domain (e.g., negative affectivity) between patient gender, these results suggest the clinical utility of the ICD\u201011 model as emphasizing elements of personality functioning in the process of assessment and diagnosis, therefore potentially being less susceptible to influences of gender stereotype in aiding clinical conceptualization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:39:44Z","timestamp":1726101584000},"page":"248-264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Gender bias in assessing narcissistic personality: Exploring the utility of the\n                    <scp>ICD<\/scp>\n                    \u201011 dimensional model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4683-0793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Green","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology City University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. 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