{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T03:29:31Z","timestamp":1789702171758,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":216,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,29]],"date-time":"2014-10-29T11:34:55Z","timestamp":1414582495000},"page":"584-591","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["T helper cell 2 immune skewing in pregnancy\/early life: chemical exposure and the development of atopic disease and allergy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"J.P.","family":"McFadden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cutaneous Allergy; St John's Institute of Dermatology; Kings College; St Thomas Hospital; London SE1 7EH U.K"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Thyssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergology; Gentofte University Hospital; Hellerup DK 2900 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.A.","family":"Basketter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DABMEB Consultancy Ltd; Sharnbrook Bedfordshire U.K"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Puangpet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dermatology; Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Kimber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester U.K"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0001|bjd13497-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38139.666447.F7","article-title":"Respiratory symptoms and\u00a0atopy in children in Aberdeen: questionnaire studies of a defined school population repeated over 35\u00a0years","volume":"329","author":"Devenny","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0002|bjd13497-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12270","article-title":"New insights into the epidemiology of childhood atopic dermatitis","volume":"69","author":"Flohr","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0003|bjd13497-cit-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2013.04.003","article-title":"Food allergy: an enigmatic epidemic","volume":"34","author":"Berin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0004|bjd13497-cit-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.299.6710.1259","article-title":"Hay fever, hygiene and family size","volume":"299","author":"Strachan","year":"1989","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0005|bjd13497-cit-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90235-D","article-title":"Bidirectional cytokine interactions in the maternal-fetal relationship: is successful pregnancy a TH2 phenomenon?","volume":"14","author":"Wegmann","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0006|bjd13497-cit-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967629","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/967629","article-title":"The Th1: Th2 dichotomy of pregnancy and preterm labour","volume":"2012","author":"Sykes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0007|bjd13497-cit-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmg026","article-title":"The immunology of successful pregnancy","volume":"19","author":"Nieuwenhoven","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0008|bjd13497-cit-0008","volume-title":"Nature's Transplant. The Transplantation Immunology of Viviparity","author":"Anderson","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0009|bjd13497-cit-0009","first-page":"320","article-title":"Some immunological and endocrinological problems raised by the evolution of viviparity in vertebrates","volume":"7","author":"Medawar","year":"1953","journal-title":"Symp Soc Exp Biol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0010|bjd13497-cit-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.1.128","article-title":"Progesterone favors the development of human T helper cells producing Th2-type cytokines and promotes both Il-4 production and membrane CD30 expression in established Th1 cell clones","volume":"155","author":"Piccini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0011|bjd13497-cit-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4261","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.9.4261","article-title":"IL-10 prevents naturally occurring fetal loss in The CBAx DBA\/2 mating combination, and the local defect in IL-10 production in this abortion-prone combination is corrected by in vivo injections of INF-r","volume":"154","author":"Chaouat","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0012|bjd13497-cit-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.2.545","article-title":"Cytokine-dependant abortion in CBA \u00d7 DBA\/2 mice is mediated by the procoagulant fgl2 prothrombinase","volume":"160","author":"Clark","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0013|bjd13497-cit-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.10.2219","article-title":"Th1 and Th2 cytokine profiles in recurrent aborters with successful pregnancy and with subsequent abortions","volume":"16","author":"Makhseed","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0014|bjd13497-cit-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00202.x","article-title":"T helper cell cytokine profiles in preterm labour","volume":"52","author":"Hollier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0015|bjd13497-cit-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2003.00038.x","article-title":"Pro-inflammatory maternal cytokine profile in pre-term delivery","volume":"49","author":"Makhseed","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0016|bjd13497-cit-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2007.07.002","article-title":"Interleukin-18 and interleukin-12 in maternal serum and spontaneous preterm delivery","volume":"77","author":"Ekelund","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0017|bjd13497-cit-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-809.x","article-title":"Characterisation of type 1 and type 2 cytokine production profile in physiologic and pathologic human pregnancy","volume":"106","author":"Marzi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0018|bjd13497-cit-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.8549","article-title":"Shifts in the TH1\/TH2 balance during human pregnancy correlate with apoptotic changes","volume":"245","author":"Reinhard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0019|bjd13497-cit-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2002.01117.x","article-title":"A Th2 chemokine, TARC, produced by trophoblasts and endometrial gland cells, regulates the infiltration of CCR4+\u00a0 T lymphocytes into human decidua at early pregnancy","volume":"48","author":"Tsuda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0020|bjd13497-cit-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1998.tb00419.x","article-title":"VII International Congress of Immunology, New Delhi, 27-30 October 1998; expression and localisation of the Th2 cytokine interleukin 13 and its receptor in the placenta during human pregnancy","volume":"40","author":"Dealtry","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0021|bjd13497-cit-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.2.539","article-title":"Human placental cytotrophoblasts produce the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin -10","volume":"184","author":"Roth","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0022|bjd13497-cit-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod57.2.303","article-title":"Type 1 and type 2 cytokines in late gestation decidual tissue","volume":"57","author":"Jones","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0023|bjd13497-cit-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1996.tb00178.x","article-title":"Cytokine expression by models of human trophoblasts as assessed by a semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique","volume":"36","author":"Bennett","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0024|bjd13497-cit-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2010.01.006","article-title":"T cell tolerance towards the fetal allograft","volume":"85","author":"Piccini","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0025|bjd13497-cit-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1159\/000237512","article-title":"Developing patterns of T cell memory to environmental allergens in the first two years of life","volume":"113","author":"Prescott","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0026|bjd13497-cit-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5160","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302539","article-title":"CD4\u00a0+\u00a0 T cells from human neonates and infants are poised to run a nonclassical IL-4 program","volume":"192","author":"Hebel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0027|bjd13497-cit-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.04.017","article-title":"Contemporaneous maturation of immunologic and respiratory functions during early childhood: implications for development of asthma prevention strategies","volume":"116","author":"Holt","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0028|bjd13497-cit-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1992.tb00135.x","article-title":"Genetic \u2018risk\u2019 for atopy is associated with delayed postnatal maturation of T-cell competence","volume":"22","author":"Holt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0029|bjd13497-cit-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)91641-1","article-title":"Reduced interferon-gamma secretion in neonates and subsequent atopy","volume":"344","author":"Tang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0030|bjd13497-cit-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03827.x","article-title":"A Th1\/Th2-associated chemokine imbalance during infancy in children developing eczema, wheeze and sensitization","volume":"41","author":"Abrahammson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0031|bjd13497-cit-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1102566","article-title":"Predominance of Th2-promoting dendritic cells in early human pregnancy decidua","volume":"74","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0032|bjd13497-cit-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6583","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.12.6583-6588.2002","article-title":"Development of interleukin-12-producing capacity throughout childhood","volume":"70","author":"Upham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0033|bjd13497-cit-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1684\/ecn.2009.0149","article-title":"Age-related changes in intracellular cytokine expression in healthy children","volume":"20","author":"Wiegering","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0034|bjd13497-cit-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18185","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018185","article-title":"Age-dependent maturation of Toll-like receptor-mediated cytokine response in Gambian infants","volume":"6","author":"Burl","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0035|bjd13497-cit-0035","first-page":"629","article-title":"Transcriptional control of the inflammatory response","volume":"9","author":"Medzithov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0036|bjd13497-cit-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.02186.x","article-title":"Silent mysteries: epigenetic paradigms could hold the key to conquering the epidemic of allergy and immune disease","volume":"65","author":"Martino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0037|bjd13497-cit-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfs207","article-title":"Regulation of allergic responses to chemicals and drugs: possible roles of epigenetic mechanisms","volume":"130","author":"Moggs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0038|bjd13497-cit-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfu047","article-title":"Chemical allergen induced perturbations of the mouse lymph node DNA methylome","volume":"139","author":"Chapman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0039|bjd13497-cit-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.7.1.18749","article-title":"Aging and epigenetics: longitudinal changes in gene-specific DNA methylation","volume":"7","author":"Madrigano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0040|bjd13497-cit-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1080\/02770900802419676","article-title":"Maternal cytokine production during pregnancy and the development of childhood wheezing and allergic disease in offspring three years of age","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0041|bjd13497-cit-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2011.01160.x","article-title":"The association of maternal prenatal IgE and eczema in offspring is restricted to non-atopic mothers","volume":"22","author":"Hicks","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0042|bjd13497-cit-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.12050","article-title":"T cell subsets in cord blood are influenced by maternal allergy and associated with atopic dermatitis","volume":"24","author":"Fu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0043|bjd13497-cit-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3038.2009.00890.x","article-title":"Reduced IFN-gamma and enhanced IL-4-producing CD4\u00a0+\u00a0 cord blood T cells are associated with a higher risk for atopic dermatitis during the first 2\u00a0years of life","volume":"21","author":"Herberth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0044|bjd13497-cit-0044","first-page":"272","article-title":"Predictability of early onset atopic dermatitis by cord blood IgE and parental history","volume":"46","author":"Chang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Pediatr Taiwan"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0045|bjd13497-cit-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.04.044","article-title":"Adaptive cytokine production in early life differentially predicts total IgE levels and asthma through age 5\u00a0years","volume":"128","author":"Rothers","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0046|bjd13497-cit-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F68","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.106492","article-title":"Antenatal risk factors, cytokines and the development of atopic disease in early childhood","volume":"92","author":"Chung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0047|bjd13497-cit-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.17.3.2797","article-title":"Allergen-induced cytokine production I atopic disease and its relationship to disease severity","volume":"17","author":"Leonard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0048|bjd13497-cit-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.113237","article-title":"Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine level is closely related with disease activity","volume":"107","author":"Kakinuma","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0049|bjd13497-cit-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2013.11.019","article-title":"Perinatal influences on the development of asthma and atopy in childhood","volume":"112","author":"Illi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0050|bjd13497-cit-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2008.11.006","article-title":"Does hapten exposure predispose to atopic disease? The hapten-atopy hypothesis","volume":"30","author":"McFadden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0051|bjd13497-cit-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2010.03684.x","article-title":"The hapten-atopy hypothesis II: the \u2018cutaneous hapten paradox\u2019","volume":"41","author":"McFadden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0052|bjd13497-cit-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12602","article-title":"The hapten-atopy hypothesis III: the potential role of airborne chemicals","volume":"170","author":"McFadden","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0053|bjd13497-cit-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12145","article-title":"Why does allergic contact dermatitis exist?","volume":"168","author":"McFadden","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0054|bjd13497-cit-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2004.02.013","article-title":"Animal models for atopic dermatitis: are they relevant to human disease?","volume":"36","author":"Shiohara","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0055|bjd13497-cit-0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2004.00062.x","article-title":"Establishment of an atopic dermatitis-like skin model in a hairless mouse by repeated elicitation of contact hypersensitivity that enables to conduct functional analyses of the stratum corneum with various non-invasive biophysical instruments","volume":"10","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0056|bjd13497-cit-0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5701011","article-title":"Characterisation of a hapten-induced murine model with multiple features of atopic dermatitis: structural, immunologic and biochemical changes following single versus multiple oxazolone challenges","volume":"128","author":"Man","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0057|bjd13497-cit-0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3182571f28","article-title":"Hapten facilitates food allergen-related intestinal hypersensitivity","volume":"345","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0058|bjd13497-cit-0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.148","article-title":"Sensitisation via healthy skin programs Th2 reposes in individuals with atopic dermatitis","volume":"133","author":"Newell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0059|bjd13497-cit-0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.03.009","article-title":"Molecular profiling of contact dermatitis skin identifies allergen-dependant differences in immune response","volume":"134","author":"Dhingra","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0060|bjd13497-cit-0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.024422","article-title":"Wheezing, asthma, hay fever and atopic eczema in relation to maternal occupation in pregnancy","volume":"63","author":"Magnusson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0061|bjd13497-cit-0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00050009","article-title":"Parental occupation is a risk factor for childhood wheeze and asthma","volume":"35","author":"Tagiyeva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0062|bjd13497-cit-0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12195","article-title":"Maternal employment and atopic dermatitis in children: a prospective cohort study","volume":"168","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0063|bjd13497-cit-0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09412.x","article-title":"Predicting risk for early infantile atopic dermatitis by hereditary and environmental factors","volume":"161","author":"Wen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0064|bjd13497-cit-0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2012.02012.x","article-title":"Presumed primary contact sensitisation to methylisothiazolinone from paint: a chemical that became airborne","volume":"66","author":"Kaae","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0065|bjd13497-cit-0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2012.08.003","article-title":"Allergic contact dermatitis: xenoinflammation of the skin","volume":"24","author":"Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0066|bjd13497-cit-0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000323290","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis and the hygiene hypothesis revisited","volume":"41","author":"Flohr","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Probl Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0067|bjd13497-cit-0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06540.x","article-title":"Risk factors for atopic dermatitis in New Zealand children at 3.5\u00a0years of age","volume":"152","author":"Purvis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0068|bjd13497-cit-0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e32835ad0d2","article-title":"The hygiene hypothesis in allergy and asthma: an update","volume":"13","author":"Brooks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0069|bjd13497-cit-0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2010.04130.x","article-title":"99th Dahlem conference on infection, inflammation and chronic inflammatory disorders: controversial aspects of the \u2018hygiene hypothesis\u2019","volume":"160","author":"Matricardi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0070|bjd13497-cit-0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12476","article-title":"Does early life exposure to antibiotics increase the risk of eczema? A systematic review","volume":"169","author":"Tsakok","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0071|bjd13497-cit-0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.07.037","article-title":"The acetaminophen and asthma hypothesis 10\u00a0years on; a case to answer","volume":"124","author":"Farquhar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0072|bjd13497-cit-0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e32835955d3","article-title":"Maternal farm exposure\/ingestion of unpasteurised cow's milk and allergic disease","volume":"28","author":"Mutius","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0073|bjd13497-cit-0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2004.034595","article-title":"Association between sibship size and allergic diseases in the Glasgow Alumni Study","volume":"61","author":"Kinra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0074|bjd13497-cit-0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0905-6157.2003.00108.x","article-title":"Birth order and sibship size as independent risk factors for asthma, allergy, and eczema","volume":"14","author":"Bernsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0075|bjd13497-cit-0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2921","article-title":"Effect of parity and fetal sex on placental and luteal hormones during early first trimester","volume":"32","author":"J\u00e4rvel\u00e4","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prenatal Diagn"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0076|bjd13497-cit-0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2009.11.008","article-title":"Human chorionic gonadotropin: a hormone with immunological and angiogenic properties","volume":"85","author":"Tsampalas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0077|bjd13497-cit-0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1086\/314737","article-title":"Immunity to placental malaria 1. Elevated production of gamma interferon by placental blood mononuclear cells is associated with protection in an area\u00a0of high transmission of malaria","volume":"179","author":"Moore","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0078|bjd13497-cit-0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.10.909","article-title":"Does the sibling effect have its origin in utero? Investigating birth order, cord blood IgE concentration and allergic sensitisation at age 4\u00a0years","volume":"154","author":"Karmous","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0079|bjd13497-cit-0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00528.x","article-title":"Determinants of neonatal IgE: parity, maternal age, birth season and perinatal fatty acid status in infantile atopic mothers","volume":"59","author":"Gool","year":"2004","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0080|bjd13497-cit-0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12708","article-title":"Following in the footsteps of David Barker: the association between extreme prematurity and atopic dermatitis risk","volume":"169","author":"Flohr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/bjd.13497-BIB0081|bjd13497-cit-0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12581","article-title":"Lower risk of atopic dermatitis among infants born extremely preterm compared with higher gestational age","volume":"169","author":"Barbarot","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbjd.13497","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1111\/bjd.13497\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T13:38:53Z","timestamp":1689601133000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article\/172\/3\/584\/6615969"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjd.13497","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.724264888.793501595","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0007-0963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0963","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,28]]}}}