{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:19:37Z","timestamp":1790360377341,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH091363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH091363"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British J of Dev Psycho"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Early psychosocial deprivation has profound adverse effects on children's brain and behavioural development, including abnormalities in physical growth, intellectual function, social cognition, and emotional development. Nevertheless, the domain of emotional face processing has appeared in previous research to be relatively spared; here, we test for possible sleeper effects emerging in early adolescence. This study employed event\u2010related potentials (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) to examine the neural correlates of facial emotion processing in 12\u2010year\u2010old children who took part in a randomized controlled trial of foster care as an intervention for early institutionalization. Results revealed no significant group differences in two face and emotion\u2010sensitive\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      components (P1 and N170), nor any association with age at placement or per cent of lifetime spent in an institution. These results converged with previous evidence from this population supporting relative sparing of facial emotion processing. We hypothesize that this sparing is due to an experience\u2010dependent mechanism in which the amount of exposure to faces and facial expressions of emotion children received was sufficient to meet the low threshold required for cortical specialization of structures critical to emotion processing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"box\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:caption>\n                          <jats:title>Statement of contribution<\/jats:title>\n                        <\/jats:caption>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:italic>\n                            <jats:bold>What is already known on this subject?<\/jats:bold>\n                          <\/jats:italic>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>Early psychosocial deprivation leads to profoundly detrimental effects on children's brain and behavioural development.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>With respect to children's emotional face processing abilities, few adverse effects of institutionalized rearing have previously been reported.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>Recent studies suggest that \u2018sleeper effects\u2019 may emerge many years later, especially in the domain of face processing.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                          <\/jats:list>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:italic>\n                            <jats:bold>What does this study add?<\/jats:bold>\n                          <\/jats:italic>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>Examining a cumulative 12\u00a0years of data, we found only minimal group differences and no evidence of a sleeper effect in this particular domain.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>These findings identify emotional face processing as a unique ability in which relative sparing can be found.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                            <jats:list-item>\n                              <jats:p>We propose an experience\u2010dependent mechanism in which the amount of social interaction children received met the low threshold required for cortical specialization.<\/jats:p>\n                            <\/jats:list-item>\n                          <\/jats:list>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjdp.12185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,4]],"date-time":"2017-05-04T03:32:47Z","timestamp":1493868767000},"page":"439-453","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The effects of early institutionalization on emotional face processing: evidence for sparing via an experience\u2010dependent mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Audrey","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhiannon J.","family":"Luyster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerson College, Communication Sciences and Disorders Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan A.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland College Park MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Zeanah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Tulane University New Orleans LA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Charles A.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Harvard Graduate School of Education Cambridge MA 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